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Time Sharing Option
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== History == Prior to TSO, IBM had introduced limited function time sharing applications such as Remote Access Computing System (RAX), [[Conversational Programming System]] (CPS), Conversational Remote Batch Entry (CRBE) and Conversational Remote Job Entry (CRJE) for S/360. These either ran user programs only in an interpreter or had no ability to run user programs at all, only to edit, retrieve and submit batch jobs.{{efn|However, on the 360/67 IBM had two full function time sharing systems, [[CP/CMS]] and [[TSS/360]].}} In addition, universities had written time sharing systems both for the 360/67, e.g., [[Michigan Terminal System]] (MTS), and for systems prior to S/360, e.g. [[Compatible Time-Sharing System]] (CTSS). When it was introduced in 1971,<ref>{{Cite journal|last1=Myers|first1=Steve|date=Spring 2004|title=Dynamic Allocation ~ The MVS Way|journal=TSO Times|pages=5|url=http://www.tsotimes.com/articles/archive/spring04/TSO-Times-Spring04.pdf|url-status=usurped|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120425092427/http://www.tsotimes.com/articles/archive/spring04/TSO-Times-Spring04.pdf |archive-date=2012-04-25 }}</ref> IBM considered time-sharing an "optional feature", as compared to standard [[batch processing]], and hence offered TSO as an option for [[OS/360 MVT]]. Originally, TSO assigned each user to a TSO region during logon, and used swapping to a swap dataset to allow users to share regions;; this remained true for [[OS/VS2 (SVS)|SVS]]. With the introduction of MVS in 1974, IBM made TSO a standard component of their top-end mainframe operating system. MVS did away with TSO regions; each user had a separate address space. ''TSO/E ("Time Sharing Option/Extensions")'' is a set of extensions to the original TSO. TSO/E is a base element of z/OS. Before z/OS, TSO Extensions (TSO/E) was an element of OS/390 and was a licensed program for the MVS and [[MVS/ESA]] System Products.<ref>[https://www.ibm.com/support/knowledgecenter/SSLTBW_2.1.0/com.ibm.zos.v2r1.ikjb700/tsoesr.htm "Overview of TSO/E Programming Services"], ''IBM z/OS V1R9.0 information center''</ref> Since all z/OS installations usually have both TSO and TSO/E functions installed, it is normal to refer to both TSO and TSO/E as "TSO". When first released, TSO module names outside of [[Supervisor Call instruction#OS/360 and successor system SVCs|SVCs]] always had the "prefix" IKJ, in some cases followed by the second and third letters of an associated pre-TSO functional group (IEA = original functional group of "supervisor", hence a TSO module name of IKJEAxxx, IEB = original functional group of "dataset utilities", hence a TSO module name of IKJEBxxx, etc.).
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