Editing Toe (section)

===Muscles===
{{See also|Foot#Muscles}}
Toe movement is generally [[Anatomical terms of movement#Flexion and extension|flexion and extension]] (movement toward the sole or the back of the foot, resp.) via muscular [[tendon]]s that attach to the toes on the [[Anatomical terms of location#Anterior and superior|anterior and superior]] surfaces of the phalanx bones.<ref name="GRAYS2005">{{cite book|title=Gray's anatomy for students|last=Drake|first=Richard L.|author2=Vogl, Wayne|author3=Tibbitts, Adam W.M. Mitchell|author4=illustrations by Richard|author5=Richardson, Paul|publisher=Elsevier/Churchill Livingstone|year=2005|isbn=978-0-8089-2306-0|location=Philadelphia|pages=557}}</ref>{{rp|573}}

With the exception of the hallux, toe movement is generally governed by action of the [[flexor digitorum brevis]] and [[extensor digitorum brevis]] muscles. These attach to the sides of the bones,<ref name=GRAYS2005 />{{rp|572–75}} making it impossible to move individual toes independently. [[Dorsal interossei of the foot|Muscles between the toes]] on their top and bottom also help to abduct and adduct the toes.<ref name=GRAYS2005 />{{rp|579}} The hallux and little toe have unique muscles:
* The hallux is primarily flexed by the [[flexor hallucis longus muscle]], located in the deep [[posterior (anatomy)|posterior]] of the lower leg, via the [[flexor hallucis longus]] [[tendon]]. Additional flexion control is provided by the [[flexor hallucis brevis]]. It is extended by the [[abductor hallucis muscle]] and the [[adductor hallucis muscle]]. 
* The little toe has a separate set of control muscles and tendon attachments, the [[flexor digiti minimi brevis muscle (foot)|flexor]] and [[abductor digiti minimi muscle (foot)|abductor]] digiti minimi. Numerous other [[:Category:Foot muscles|foot muscles]] contribute to fine motor control of the foot. The connective tendons between the minor toes account for the inability to actuate individual toes.