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Transport in Turkey
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===Rail network=== {{Main|Rail transport in Turkey|History of rail transport in Turkey|High-speed rail in Turkey}} [[File:TCDD Network Map 2023.svg|thumb|left|Rail transport map of Turkey along with urban rail networks indication|250px]] [[File:Rasimpaşa,_Haydarpaşa_İskelesi,_Haydarpaşa_Gar_Binası_Yanı,_34716_Kadıköy-İstanbul,_Turkey_-_panoramio.jpg|thumb|[[Haydarpaşa railway station]] built in 1909 by the Anatolian Railway (CFOA) as the western terminus of the Baghdad and Hedjaz railways, has become a symbol of Istanbul and Turkey and is famous throughout the Middle East.]] [[File:HT80101.jpg|thumb|250px|[[TCDD HT80000]] ([[Siemens Velaro#Velaro TR (TCDD HT80000)|Siemens Velaro TR]]) has a maximum operating speed of {{convert|300|km/h|0|abbr=on}}<ref name=SiemensPDF>{{cite web|url=https://assets.new.siemens.com/siemens/assets/api/uuid:0e1ccf29-d0bf-468e-a9c6-2722aea68261/datasheet-velaro-tr-e.pdf|title=Velaro Turkey: High-Speed Train for TCDD|publisher=[[Siemens Mobility]]|access-date=2020-04-16}}</ref><ref name="SiemensVelaroTR">{{cite web|url=https://press.siemens.com/global/en/feature/velaro-turkey-high-speed-train|title=Velaro Turkey High-Speed Train|publisher=[[Siemens Mobility]]|access-date=2020-04-16}}</ref>]] The [[Turkish State Railways|TCDD – Türkiye Devlet Demir Yolları (Turkish State Railways)]] possess 13,919 km of {{RailGauge|sg}} gauge, of which 7,142 km are electrified (2024).<ref>https://adminapi.tcddtasimacilik.gov.tr/files/pdfs/TCDD-Tasimacilik-2023-istatistikleri.pdf</ref> There are daily regular passenger trains all through the network.<ref>Uysal, Onur. [http://railturkey.org/2014/03/05/traveling-by-train-in-turkey/ "Traveling by Train in Turkey"], ''Rail Turkey'', 5 Mar 2014</ref> TCDD has started an investment program of building 5.000 km high-speed lines until 2023. Multiple high speed train routes are running, including: [[Ankara-Istanbul high-speed railway|Ankara-Eskişehir-İstanbul]], [[Ankara-Konya high-speed railway|Ankara-Konya]] and [[Ankara–Sivas high-speed railway|Ankara-Sivas]] lines. The freight transportation is mainly organized as block trains for domestic routes, since TCDD discourages under 200 to loads by surcharges.
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