Editing Tryphiodorus (section)

== Writings ==

=== ''The Taking of Ilios'' ===
Triphiodorus' only extant work is ''The Sack of Troy'', a 691-verse epic poem, narrating events from the capture of the Trojan seer [[Helenus]] to the sailing of the Greek troops after the capture of Troy.

The poem begins with an invocation to [[Calliope]], the Muse of epic poetry (lines 1–5). The narrative is introduced with a summary of the dire situation of the troops of the Greeks and Trojans (lines 6-39): both are mined by the tiredness of years of fighting and heavy casualties. Then the Greeks capture the Trojan seer and following his advice call [[Neoptolemus]] (Achilles’ son) to join their lines and steal the [[Palladion]] from Troy (lines 40–56). The construction of the [[Trojan Horse]] follows and Triphiodorus gives a long description (lines 57–107). The Greeks have an assembly in which [[Odysseus]] convinces the most brave fighters to hide with him in the horse and the rest of the troops to pretend they are fleeing from Troy, while preparing to come back the following night (108-234). The following morning the Trojans discover the disappearance of the Achaean army, inspect their camp and admire the Wooden Horse (235-57). [[Sinon]] appears before them covered in blood and convinces Priam to take the horse into their citadel to win Athena's attention and avoid her helping the Greeks to return (258-303). The Trojans transport the horse and break the otherwise indestructible walls of Troy to bring it into their citadel (304-57). [[Cassandra]] tries to make them come into their senses but Priam orders to lock her up (358-443). While they are celebrating the end of the war, Aphrodite tells [[Helen of Troy|Helen]] to join [[Menelaus]] (who is hiding in the horse). Helen goes to the temple of Athena where the horse is kept and calls the names of the wives of the hidden heroes, so as to tempt them to come out. One of them, [[Anticlus]], is about to give in forcing Odysseus to strangle him, while Athena orders Helen to go to her room and light a torch to call the Greek fleet back to Troy for the final battle (454-98a). While the Trojans are overcome by a deep slumber, the gods abandon Troy and Helen and Sinon light torches to guide the return of the Greek fleet (498b-521). The fleet arrives and the hidden warriors leave the horse, giving start to a long night of fighting, full of dramatic episodes (506-663). The poet then decides to put a stop to the narrative and conclude (664-7). The poem finishes with the a brief description of how at the beginning of the new day, the victors check for survivors and booty, set Troy on fire, sacrifice [[Polyxena]] to appease the spirit of Achilles, distribute the booty and leave for good (668-91).

{| class="toccolours" style="float: left; margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 2em; font-size: 85%; background:#c6dbf7; color:black; width:30em; max-width: 40%;" cellspacing="5"
| style="text-align: left;" | "The Achaeans poured the blood of Polyxena over the tomb of dead Achilles to propitiate his wrath, and took each his lot of Trojan women and divided all their other spoil, both gold and silver: wherewith they loaded their deep ships and through the booming sea set sail from Troy, having made an end of the war."
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| style="text-align: left;" | ''The Taking of Ilios''
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The ''Sack of Troy'' can be considered part of a late antique vogue for mythological epic, which includes the ''Posthomerica'' by [[Quintus of Smyrna]] (third century AD), the ''Dionysiaca'' by Nonnus of Panopolis (mid fifth c. AD), the ''Rape of Helen'' (by Colluthus) and the ''Description of the Statues in the Terms of [[Zeuxippus (mythology)|Zeuxippus]]'' by [[Christodorus]] (early sixth century, transmitted as book 2 of the ''[[Palatine Anthology]]'').

In this poem Triphiodorus shows a deep understanding of Homer<ref>D. Monaco (2007), "Il lessico di Trifiodoro", ''Glotta'' 83, 127-91</ref> and the grammatical tradition of interpretation of the Homeric poems (e.g. in lines 60-1 he shows that he knows about the editorial tradition of Homer ''Iliad'' 5.62-4). He quotes [[Hesiod]] (especially Triph. 136–8, after Hes. Op. 57–8) and Pindar (Triph. 643, after Pi. N. 7.42), Hellenistic poetry (e.g. Triph. 318–35, after AR 1.362-90). His portrayal of Cassandra is reminiscent of [[Aeschylus]] in his ''[[Oresteia#Agamemnon|Agamemnon]]'' and [[Euripides]] in ''[[Trojan Women]]''.<ref>L. Miguélez-Cavero (2013), ''Triphiodorus, The Sack of Troy: A General Introduction and a Commentary'', Berlin, pp. 38ff.</ref>

Regarding a possible influence of [[Virgil]] ''Aeneid'' 2, there are some glaring differences between the two accounts of the end of Troy: Virgil develops the character of [[Laocoön]] (A. 2.40-56, 199–231), and only mentions Cassandra (246-7), while Triphiodorus focuses on Cassandra (358-443) and does not mention Laocoön. On the contrary, Virgil and Triphiodorus are particularly close in the treatment of the figure of Sinon, in particular in their speeches (compare ''Aeneid'' 2.76-96, 103–4, 189–94, and Triph. 265–82, 292–303).<ref>L. Miguélez-Cavero (2013), ''Triphiodorus, The Sack of Troy: A General Introduction and a Commentary'', Berlin, pp. 64 ff.</ref>

=== Other works ===
Besides ''The Sack of Troy'', the entries of the Suda (T 1111 and 1112) attribute to Triphiodorus two more poems: ''Marathoniaca'' (''{{lang|grc|Μαραθωνιακά}}''), probably narrating how Theseus defeated the bull of Marathon; a ''Story of Hippodamea'' (''{{lang|grc|Τὰ κατὰ Ἱπποδάμειαν}}''), on one of the females of this name (e.g. the daughter of King Oenomaus, who killed all her suitors in a chariot race until Pelops defeated him). The Suda also mentions two grammatical works: the ''[[Lipogram]]matic Odyssey'' (probably a re-writing of the ''Odyssey'' suppressing a letter in each of the books: α in book 1, β in book 2 and so on) and a ''Paraphrase of Homer’s Comparisons'' (''{{lang|grc|Παράφρασις τῶν Ὁμήρου παραβόλων}}''), a study of the long comparisons in the Homeric poems (since {{lang|grc|παραβολή}} is a long simile).