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Tunnelling shield
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==Manual shield tunnelling== [[File:W&C Shield work.jpg|thumb|The Greathead tunnelling shield in use on the Waterloo & City Railway]] In early shield tunnelling, the shield functioned as a way to protect labourers who performed the digging and moved the shield forward, progressively replacing it with pre-built sections of tunnel wall. The early deep tunnels for the [[London Underground]] were built in this way. The shield divided the workface into overlapping portions that each worker could excavate.
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