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Unit 731
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=== Zhongma Fortress === Unit TΕgΕ was set into motion in the [[Zhongma Fortress]], a prison and experimentation camp in Beiyinhe, a village {{convert|100|km|mi|sp=us}} south of [[Harbin]] on the [[South Manchuria Railway]]. The prisoners brought to Zhongma included common [[criminal]]s, captured bandits, anti-Japanese partisans, as well as [[political prisoner]]s and people rounded up on false charges by the [[Kempeitai]]. Prisoners were generally well fed on a diet of [[rice]] or [[wheat]], [[meat]], [[Fish (food)|fish]], and occasionally even [[Alcoholic beverage|alcohol]] in order to be in normal health at the beginning of experiments. Then, over several days, prisoners were eventually drained of blood and deprived of nutrients and water. Their deteriorating health was recorded. Some were also [[vivisected]]. Others were deliberately infected with [[Plague (disease)|plague]] [[bacteria]] and other [[microbes]].<ref name="ReferenceA">Id.</ref> A prison break in the autumn of 1934, which jeopardized the facility's secrecy, and an explosion in 1935 (believed to be sabotage) led Ishii to shut down Zhongma Fortress. He then received authorization to move to Pingfang, approximately {{convert|24|km|mi|sp=us}} south of Harbin, to set up a new, much larger facility.<ref>{{Cite book |last=Harris |first=Sheldon H. |url=https://archive.org/details/factoriesofdeath0000harr/page/29 |title=Factories of death: Japanese biological warfare 1932 - 45 and the American cover-up |date=1999 |publisher=Routledge |isbn=978-0-415-13206-0 |edition=Reprint |location=London |pages=29}}</ref> [[File:A close up photo of the Unit 731 square building taken by the aviation and photography class of Unit 731 in 1940.jpg|thumb|Close-up photo of the Unit 731 main "square building" taken by Unit 731's aviation and photography class in 1940]]
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