Editing United Nations Global Compact (section)

==Facilitation==
The UN Global Compact is not a regulatory instrument, having a "guiding rather than binding character".<ref name="Buhmann"/> It is sometimes referred to as [[soft law]], although it may not fit the conventional understanding of that term as it is used in [[international law]].<ref name="Buhmann">{{cite book |last1=Buhmann |first1=Karin |title=Human Rights: A Key Idea for Business and Society |date=13 December 2021 |publisher=Routledge |isbn=978-1-000-48487-8 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=yPJMEAAAQBAJ&pg=PT66 |language=en}}</ref> Rather it is a forum for discussion and a network for communication including governments, companies and labour organisations, whose actions it seeks to influence, and civil society organisations, representing its stakeholders. The UN Global Compact says that once companies declare their support for the principles "This does not mean that the Global Compact recognizes or certifies that these companies have fulfilled the Compact’s principles."  Instead, as mentioned in a 2015 interview with then-Executive Director, [[Lise Kingo]], "we are the guide dogs, not the watchdogs", with the organization seeking to prioritize providing resources and support instead of attempting to enforce discipline.<ref>{{cite news|last1=Dumalaon|first1=Janelle|title='Turn risks into opportunities' |url=https://www.dw.com/en/global-compact-a-guide-dog-not-a-watchdog/a-18781065  |date=2015-10-14 |work=Deutsche Welle |language=en}}</ref><ref name="Ruggie"/>

The UN Global Compact's goals are intentionally flexible and vague, but it distinguishes the following channels through which it provides facilitation and encourages dialogue: policy dialogues, learning, local networks and projects.<ref>{{cite journal |last1=Hoessle |first1=Ulrike |title=The Contribution of the UN Global Compact towards the Compliance of International Regimes: A Comparative Study of Businesses from the USA, Mozambique, United Arab Emirates and Germany |journal=The Journal of Corporate Citizenship |date=2014  |volume=2014 |issue=53 |pages=27–60 |doi=10.9774/GLEAF.4700.2014.ma.00005 |url=https://www.jstor.org/stable/jcorpciti.53.27 |issn=1470-5001|url-access=subscription }}</ref><ref>{{cite journal |last1=Hoessle |first1=Ulrike |title=US Companies and the Implementation of the UN Global Compact's Principles |journal=The Journal of Corporate Citizenship |date=2015 |volume=2015 |issue=59 |pages=9–56 |doi=10.9774/GLEAF.4700.2015.se.00004 |url=https://www.jstor.org/stable/jcorpciti.59.9 |issn=1470-5001|url-access=subscription }}</ref>
The Global Compact creates resources and guides that business and non-profit organizations may use in their efforts to support the Compact's overall mission.<ref name="Fussler"/><ref name="Gudic">{{cite book |last1=Gudic |first1=Milenko |last2=Tan |first2=Tay Keong |last3=Flynn |first3=Patricia M. |title=Beyond the Bottom Line: Integrating Sustainability into Business and Management Practice |date=10 September 2020 |publisher=Routledge |isbn=978-1-000-16092-5 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=Jxb8DwAAQBAJ }}</ref>

One such example is the SDG Compass, developed in collaboration with the [[Global Reporting Initiative|Global Reporting Initiative (GRI)]] and [[World Business Council for Sustainable Development]] (WBSCD), which is a collection of resources (analysis of the goals, indicators for businesses, tools for stakeholders) that companies can utilize in finding out their role in helping to achieve the SDGs.<ref name="Szelągowska">{{cite book |last1=Szelągowska |first1=Anna |last2=Pluta-Zaremba |first2=Aneta |title=The Economics of Sustainable Transformation |date=19 October 2021 |publisher=Routledge |isbn=978-1-000-48430-4 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=27BHEAAAQBAJ&pg=PT285 |language=en}}</ref> The Sustainable Ocean Business Action Platform of the UN Global Compact has been actively supporting the launch in June 2020 of the Seaweed Manifesto, the result of a collaborative work of seaweed supporters from private sector, research institutions, UN agencies and civil society, initiated by the Lloyd's Register Foundation. Building on the Manifesto's recommendations'','' the UN Global Compact, in partnership with the Lloyd's Register Foundation and the French [[Centre national de la recherche scientifique|Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique]] (CRNS), launched the Global Seaweed Coalition<ref>{{cite web |title=Seaweed Manifesto {{!}} UN Global Compact |url=https://unglobalcompact.org/library/5743 |website=unglobalcompact.org |access-date=17 July 2023}}</ref> in March 2021, a global coalition to support a safe, sustainable and scalable seaweed industry.<ref>{{cite news |title=Launch of the Safe Seaweed Coalition |url=https://www.lrfoundation.org.uk/en/news/safe-seaweed-coalition/ |access-date=17 July 2023 |work=Lloyd's Register Foundation |date=16 March 2021 |language=en}}</ref>

Following its creation in 2000 the Global Compact initially focused on support for Ten Principles and the [[Millennium Development Goals]].<ref name="Turker">{{cite book |last1=Turker |first1=Duygu |last2=Toker |first2=Huriye |last3=Altuntas |first3=Ceren |title=Contemporary Issues in Corporate Social Responsibility |date=18 December 2013 |publisher=Lexington Books |isbn=978-0-7391-8374-8 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=hAPGAgAAQBAJ&pg=PA74 |pages=74–76 |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{cite book |last1=Williams |first1=Oliver F. |title=Sustainable development: the UN Millennium Development Goals, the UN Global Compact, and the common good |date=2014 |publisher=Univ. of Notre Dame Press |location=Notre Dame, Ind |isbn=9780268044299}}</ref><ref name="Kanie">{{cite book |last1=Kanie |first1=Norichika |last2=Biermann |first2=Frank |title=Governing Through Goals: Sustainable Development Goals as Governance Innovation |date=5 May 2017 |publisher=MIT Press |isbn=978-0-262-03562-0 |pages=196–199 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=W7zaDgAAQBAJ&pg=PA196 |language=en}}</ref> After the MDG expired in 2015, their top priority became supporting the [[Sustainable Development Goals]], and the SDGs' accompanying 2030 deadlines. The UN Global Compact hopes to play a critical role in helping signatories and governments to work to achieve the SDGs.<ref name="Holzhacker">{{cite book |last1=Holzhacker |first1=Ronald L. |last2=Agussalim |first2=Dafri |title=Sustainable Development Goals in Southeast Asia and ASEAN: National and Regional Approaches |date=14 January 2019 |publisher=BRILL |isbn=978-90-04-39194-9 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=isuDDwAAQBAJ&pg=PA352 |language=en}}</ref>

Businesses may be becoming more directly involved in government partnerships<ref name="Biermann">{{cite journal |last1=Biermann |first1=Frank |last2=Pattberg |first2=Philipp |title=Global Environmental Governance: Taking Stock, Moving Forward |journal=Annual Review of Environment and Resources |date=1 November 2008 |volume=33 |issue=1 |pages=277–294 |doi=10.1146/annurev.environ.33.050707.085733 |language=en |issn=1543-5938|doi-access=free }}</ref> and more open to private sector interventions such as [[carbon price|carbon pricing]] and other mechanics to help curb climate effects within the scope of business solutions.<ref name="Esty">{{cite journal |last1=Esty |first1=DC |last2=Bell |first2=ML |title=Business Leadership in Global Climate Change Responses |journal=American Journal of Public Health |date=April 2018 |volume=108 |issue=S2 |pages=S80–S84 |doi=10.2105/AJPH.2018.304336 |pmid=29698101 |pmc=5922211 }}</ref> However, research shows that global carbon dioxide emissions are 60% higher in 2021 than in 1990, and now require fundamental system-level changes.<ref name="Stoddard">{{cite journal |last1=Stoddard |first1=Isak |last2=Anderson |first2=Kevin |last3=Capstick |first3=Stuart |last4=Carton |first4=Wim |last5=Depledge |first5=Joanna |last6=Facer |first6=Keri |last7=Gough |first7=Clair |last8=Hache |first8=Frederic |last9=Hoolohan |first9=Claire |last10=Hultman |first10=Martin |last11=Hällström |first11=Niclas |last12=Kartha |first12=Sivan |last13=Klinsky |first13=Sonja |last14=Kuchler |first14=Magdalena |last15=Lövbrand |first15=Eva |last16=Nasiritousi |first16=Naghmeh |last17=Newell |first17=Peter |last18=Peters |first18=Glen P. |last19=Sokona |first19=Youba |last20=Stirling |first20=Andy |last21=Stilwell |first21=Matthew |last22=Spash |first22=Clive L. |last23=Williams |first23=Mariama |title=Three Decades of Climate Mitigation: Why Haven't We Bent the Global Emissions Curve? |journal=Annual Review of Environment and Resources |date=18 October 2021 |volume=46 |issue=1 |pages=653–689 |doi=10.1146/annurev-environ-012220-011104 |s2cid=233815004 |url=https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev-environ-012220-011104 |language=en |issn=1543-5938|hdl=1983/93c742bc-4895-42ac-be81-535f36c5039d |hdl-access=free }}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.unglobalcompact.org/library/3551|title=The UN Global Compact-Accenture CEO Study Special Edition: A Call to Climate Action - UN Global Compact}}</ref>