Editing Vehicle size class (section)

===United States===
{{See also|Corporate average fuel economy|Energy Policy and Conservation Act||l1=CAFE||l2=EPCA}}
Vehicle classifications of four government agencies are in use in the United States: the [[United States Environmental Protection Agency]] (EPA), the [[National Highway Traffic Safety Administration]] (NHTSA as part of their [[US NCAP|NCAP]] program),<ref name="nhtsa.gov">{{cite web |url=https://www.nhtsa.gov/ratings |title=Ratings – How does NHTSA categorize vehicles? |publisher=[[National Highway Traffic Safety Administration]] |access-date=24 March 2019}}</ref> [[Federal Highway Administration]] (FHWA), and the [[U.S. Census Bureau]].<ref name="U.S. Census Bureau">{{cite web |url=https://www.census.gov/econ/overview/se0501.html |title=Vehicle Inventory and Use Survey (VIUS) |publisher=[[U.S. Census Bureau]] |access-date=12 July 2019}}</ref> The [[Insurance Institute for Highway Safety]] also has its own vehicle classification system that is used by most vehicle insurance companies in the U.S.<ref name="iihs.org">{{cite web |url=https://www.iihs.org/iihs/ratings/technical-information/technical-protocols |title=How IIHS Classifies Vehicles by Size, Weight, Type and Price |publisher=[[Insurance Institute for Highway Safety]] |location=US |access-date=24 March 2019}}</ref>

====EPA====
EPA size classes are defined in Federal Regulation, Title 40—Protection of Environment, Section 600.315-08 "Classes of comparable automobiles".<ref>{{cite web |title=40 CFR 600.315-08 - Classes of comparable automobiles. - Content Details - CFR-2011-title40-vol30-sec600-315-08 |url=https://www.gpo.gov/fdsys/granule/CFR-2015-title40-vol30/CFR-2015-title40-vol30-sec600-315-08 |website=www.govinfo.gov |access-date=15 July 2019}}</ref> This information is repeated in the Fuel Economy Guide.  [[Automobile|Passenger car]] classes are defined based on interior volume index (the combined passenger and cargo volume) and are as follows.

{| class="wikitable"
|+ Vehicle size classes by U.S. Fuel Economy Guide for sedans<ref name="us epa size">{{cite web| url= http://www.fueleconomy.gov/feg/info.shtml#sizeclasses |title=Frequently Asked Questions |website=www.fueleconomy.gov |publisher= U.S. Department of Energy |access-date= 7 June 2016 |postscript=. Click "How are vehicle size classes defined?"}}</ref>
|-
! Class
! Interior combined passenger and cargo volume index
|-
| Minicompact || < {{convert|85|cuft|L|round=5|order=out}}
|-
| [[Subcompact car|Subcompact]] || {{convert|85–99.9|cuft|L|round=5|order=out}}
|-
| [[Compact car|Compact]] || {{convert|100–109.9|cuft|L|round=5|order=out}}
|-
| [[Midsize car|Mid-size]] || {{convert|110–119.9|cuft|L|round=5|order=out}}
|-
| [[Large car|Large]] || ≥ {{convert|120|cuft|L|round=5|order=out}}
|}

{| class="wikitable"
|+ Vehicle size classes by U.S. Fuel Economy Guide for station wagons<ref name="us epa size"/>
|-
! Class
! Interior volume index
|-
| Small || < {{convert|130|cuft|L|round=5|order=out}}
|-
| Midsize || {{convert|130–159|cuft|L|round=5|order=out}}
|-
| Large || ≥ {{convert|160|cuft|L|round=5|order=out}}
|}

Trucks classes are defined by [[gross vehicle weight rating]] (GVWR). The administrator classifies light trucks (nonpassenger automobiles) into the following classes: Small pickup trucks, standard pickup trucks, vans, minivans, and SUVs. Starting in the 2013 model year, SUVs are divided between small sport utility vehicles and standard sport utility vehicles. Pickup trucks and SUVs are separated by car line on the basis of gross vehicle weight rating (GVWR). For a product line with more than one GVWR,  the characteristic GVWR value for the product line is established by calculating the arithmetic average of all distinct GVWR values less than or equal to 8,500 pounds available for that product line.

{| class="wikitable"
|+ Vehicle size classes by U.S. Fuel Economy Guide for trucks<ref>{{cite book |url=https://www.gpo.gov/fdsys/granule/CFR-2015-title40-vol30/CFR-2015-title40-vol30-sec600-315-08 |title=Title 40 CFR § 600.315-08 - Classes of comparable automobiles |publisher=U.S. Government Publishing Office |date=1 July 2015 |access-date=16 April 2018}}</ref>
! Class
! colspan="2" | GVWR
|-
| rowspan=2| '''Pickup trucks''' || Small || < {{cvt|6,000|lb|kg|round=50|order=out}}
|-
| Standard || {{cvt|6,000-8,500|lb|kg|round=50|order=out}}
|-
| rowspan=2| '''Vans''' || Passenger || < {{cvt|10,000|lb|kg|round=50|order=out}}
|-
| Cargo || < {{cvt|85,00|lb|kg|round=50|order=out}}
|-
| '''Minivans''' || colspan=2 align="center"| < {{cvt|8,500|lb|kg|round=50|order=out}}
|-
| rowspan=2| '''Sport utility vehicles''' || Small || < {{cvt|6,000|lb|kg|round=50|order=out}}
|-
|Standard || {{cvt|6,000-10,000|lb|kg|round=50|order=out}}
|-
| '''Special purpose vehicles''' || colspan=2 align="center"| < {{cvt|8,500|lb|kg|round=50|order=out}}
|}

Special purpose vehicles. All automobiles with GVWR less than or equal to 8,500 pounds and all medium-duty passenger vehicles which possess special features and which the administrator determines are more appropriately classified separately from typical automobiles.

====NHTSA====
Unlike the EPA, which groups automobiles by interior volume, the NHTSA groups cars for NCAP testing by weight class.

{| class="wikitable"
|+ Vehicle size classes by NHTSA<ref name="nhtsa.gov"/> 
|-
! Class
|-
|Passenger cars mini (PC/Mi) (1,500–1,999&nbsp;lbs.)
|-
|Passenger cars light (PC/L) (2,000–2,499&nbsp;lbs.)
|-
|Passenger cars compact (PC/C) (2,500–2,999&nbsp;lbs.)
|-
|Passenger cars medium (PC/Me) (3,000–3,499&nbsp;lbs.)
|-
|Passenger cars heavy (PC/H) (3,500&nbsp;lbs. and over )
|-
|Sport utility vehicles (SUV)
|-
|Pickup trucks (PU) Vans (VAN)
|}

====FHWA====
Developed in the 1980s, the [[Federal Highway Administration]] 13-category classification rule set is currently used for most federal reporting requirements and that serves as the basis for most state vehicle classification systems.<ref name="FHWA">{{cite web|url=https://www.fhwa.dot.gov/publications/research/infrastructure/pavements/ltpp/13091/002.cfm|work=[[Federal Highway Administration|FHWA]]|title=Chapter 2. Introduction to Vehicle Classification - Verification, Refinement, and Applicability of Long-Term Pavement Performance Vehicle Classification Rules, November 2014 - FHWA-HRT-13-091}}</ref>

{| class="wikitable"
|+ FHWA vehicle classification definitions
|-
!Class group
!Class definition
!Class includes
!Number of axles
|-
| 1 || Motorcycles || Motorcycles || 2
|-
| 2 || Passenger cars || All cars <br />Cars with one-axle trailers<br />Cars with two-axle trailers || 2, 3, or 4
|-
| 3 || Other two-axle four-tire single-unit vehicles || Pick-ups and vans<br />Pick-ups and vans with one- and two- axle trailers || 2, 3
|-
| 4 || Buses || Two- and three-axle buses || 2 or 3
|-
| 5 || Two-axle, six-tire, single-unit trucks || Two-axle trucks || 2
|-
| 6 || Three-axle single-unit trucks || Three-axle trucks<br />Three-axle tractors without trailers || 3
|-
| 7 || Four or more axle single-unit trucks || Four-, five-, six- and seven-axle single-unit trucks || 4 or more
|-
| 8 || Four or fewer axle single-trailer trucks || Two-axle trucks pulling one- and two-axle trailers<br />Two-axle tractors pulling one- and two-axle trailers<br />Three-axle tractors pulling one-axle trailers || 3 or 4
|-
| 9 || Five-axle single-trailer trucks || Two-axle tractors pulling three-axle trailers<br />Three-axle tractors pulling two-axle trailers<br />Three-axle trucks pulling two-axle trailers || 5
|-
| 10 || Six or more axle single-trailer trucks || Multiple configurations || 6 or more
|-
| 11 || Five or fewer axle multi-trailer trucks || Multiple configurations || 4 or 5
|-
| 12 || Six-axle multi-trailer trucks || Multiple configurations || 6
|-
| 13 || Seven or more axle multi-trailer trucks || Multiple configurations || 7 or more
|-
| 14 || Unused || ---- || ----
|-
| 15 || Unclassified vehicle || Multiple configurations || 2 or more
|}

''{{resize|80%|Source: Verification, Refinement, and Applicability of Long-Term Pavement Performance Vehicle Classification Rules, FHWA}}''<ref name="FHWA"/>

====U.S. Census Bureau====
The Census Bureau surveys the United States truck population.  Large truck owners (NHTSA classes 4-13) are given a standard survey, and small truck (pickups, vans, minivans, and sport utility vehicles) owners (NHTSA class 3) are given a short survey.<ref name="U.S. Census Bureau"/> In the United States the government agencies consider all pickups, vans, minivans, and sport utility vehicles to be trucks for regulatory purposes, no matter what construction method is used, either unibody or body on frame.  Coupe utilities are considered pickup trucks in the U.S., not cars.  SUVs are always considered trucks, although there are some CUVs with low ground clearance which are considered station wagon or hatchback cars for regulatory purposes.

====IIHS====
The Insurance Institute has its own crash test program and groups cars by curb weight and shadow into six classes, micro, mini, small, midsize, large and very large.<ref name="iihs.org"/>

{| class="wikitable"
|+ IIHS passenger car size classes.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.iihs.org/media/80eed4d2-96e2-43b8-8381-34ca4274346c/dXp2Ww/Ratings/Protocols/current/tech_10.pdf |title=IIHS vehicle classifications |publisher=[[Insurance Institute for Highway Safety]] |location=US |access-date=13 July 2019}}</ref>
|-
!Curb weight (pounds)
!Shadow <70 sq ft
!Shadow 70–79 sq ft
!Shadow 80–89 sq ft
!Shadow 90–99 sq ft
!Shadow 100–109 sq ft
!Shadow 110+ sq ft
|-
| 4,000+ || - || - || midsize || large || very large || very large
|-
| 3,500 - 3,999 || - || small || midsize || large || large || very large
|-
| 3,000 - 3,499 || - || small || midsize || midsize || large
|-
| 2,500 - 2,999 || - || small || small || midsize
|-
| 2,000 - 2,499 || - || mini || small
|-
| <2,000 || micro
|}