Editing Vitrectomy (section)

== ''Pars plana'' vitrectomy ==
Vitrectomy was originated by [[Robert Machemer]]<ref>{{cite journal |vauthors = Machemer R |title = The development of pars plana vitrectomy: a personal account |journal = Graefe's Archive for Clinical and Experimental Ophthalmology |volume = 233 |issue = 8 |pages = 453–68 |date = August 1995 |pmid = 8537019 |doi = 10.1007/bf00183425 }}</ref> with contributions from Thomas M. Aaberg Sr in late 1969 and early 1970. The original purpose of vitrectomy was to remove clouded vitreous humor—usually containing blood.{{citation needed|date=January 2022}}

The success of these first procedures led to the development of techniques and instruments to remove clouding and also to peel scar tissue off the light sensitive lining of the eye—the [[retina]]—[[membranectomy]], to provide space for materials injected in the eye to reattach the retina such as gases or liquid silicone, and to increase the efficacy of other surgical steps such as [[scleral buckle]].

The development of new instruments and surgical strategies through the 1970s and 1980s was spearheaded by surgeon and engineer [[Steve Charles (surgeon)|Steve Charles]].<ref>{{cite journal |vauthors = Wang CC, Charles S |title = Microsurgical instrumentation for vitrectomy: Part II |journal = Journal of Clinical Engineering |volume = 9 |issue = 1 |pages = 63–71 |year = 1984 |pmid = 10265855 |doi = 10.1097/00004669-198401000-00015 }}</ref> More recent advances have included smaller and more refined instruments for use in the eye, the injection of various medications at the time of surgery to manipulate a detached retina into its proper position and mark the location of tissue layers to allow their removal, and for long term protection against scar tissue formation. Several technologies and systems exist to treat vitrectomy.<ref>{{cite journal |vauthors=Oravecz R, Uthoff D, Schrage N, Dutescu RM |title=Comparison of modern high-speed vitrectomy systems and the advantages of using dual-bladed probes |journal=Int J Retina Vitreous |volume=7 |issue=1 |pages=8 |date=January 2021 |pmid=33468260 |pmc=7814550 |doi=10.1186/s40942-020-00277-2 |url= |doi-access=free }}</ref>