Editing Workers' Commissions (section)

===Birth and role in Francoist Spain===
Taking as reference the clandestine union [[Oposición Sindical Obrera]] (OSO) the first workers' commissions were organized during 1960 in [[Asturies]], [[Catalonia]], [[Madrid]] and the [[Basque Country (autonomous community)|Basque provinces]] of [[Gipuzkoa]] and [[Bizkaia]] as labor disputes emerged outside the [[Francoism|Francoist]] [[Sindicato Vertical|national-syndical]] [[Movimiento Nacional|movement]]. Originally the "commissions" were representative bodies of workers elected in assemblies. The first "comisiones" were boosted by the [[Communist Party of Spain]] (PCE), Christian labor movements ([[Young Christian Workers|JOC]] and {{ill|Workers' Fraternity of Catholic Action|es|Hermandad Obrera de Acción Católica|lt=HOAC}}) and other groups opposed to the [[Spanish State]]. Gradually the ''[[ad hoc]]'' commissions started to become permanent, creating a stable and well organized movement.

For many historians, one of the first places where the Workers' Commissions were formed was the valley of [[Laciana]] ([[province of León]]), within the Minero Siderurgica de Ponferrada (MSP) industry. Another place that sometimes is also cited as the first is ''[[La Camocha, Asturias coal mine|La Camocha]]'' mine ([[Gijón]]) in 1957, during a strike.<ref>«[http://www.fundacionjuanmunizzapico.org/masInf/breveHistoriaCCOO.htm CC. OO. Breve historia]». Fundación Juan Muñiz Zapico.</ref> The [[Asturian miners' strike of 1962]] ("La Huelgona") was the first massive action of the union and one of the first massive popular mobilizations against Francoist Spain.

The union was heavily repressed in Spain. In 1972 all the leadership of CCOO was jailed, being judged in the infamous [[Proceso 1001]]. They remained imprisoned until the trial, more than a year later. This finally took place on 20 (day that coincided with the assassination of Prime Minister [[Luis Carrero Blanco]], which led to the suspension of the trial for a few hours), 21 and 22 December 1973. The defendants faced the accusation of belonging to an illegal and subversive organization, and of having links with the [[Communist Party of Spain]] (PCE).<ref>RECIO GARCÍA, Armando. Universidad Complutense de Madrid, ed. «[http://dialnet.unirioja.es/servlet/articulo?codigo=2298369 La prensa jurídica en el tardofranquismo: el Proceso 1001]».</ref> On December 30 convictions were announced, which coincided with requests of the prosecutor and whose severity was considered related to the murder of [[Carrero Blanco]]. The convictions were the following: [[Marcelino Camacho]], 20 years of jail; [[Nicolás Sartorius]], 19; Miguel Ángel Zamora Antón, 12; Pedro Santiesteban, 12; Eduardo Saborido, 20; Francisco García Salve, 19; Luis Fernández, 12; Francisco Acosta, 12; Juan Muñiz Zapico Juanín, 18; and Fernando Soto Martín, 17. They were amnestied on 25 November 1975.

The tactic of CCOO was [[entryism]], i.e.: infiltration in the [[Sindicato Vertical|Vertical Unions]] of Francoism. This tactic culminated in the union elections of 1975, where CCOO got the overwhelming majority of the delegates elected in the major companies in the country. CCOO led numerous strikes and labor mobilizations in late Francoism and the [[Spanish Transition]].<ref>[http://www.reis.cis.es/REIS/PDF/REIS_026_06.pdf El movimiento obrero en la transición. Objetivos políticos y organizativos.] Robert M. Fishman. Reis: Revista española de investigaciones sociológicas, {{ISSN|0210-5233}}, Nº 26, 1984, pages:. 61-112</ref>