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Architecture of India
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==== Gujarat sultanate ==== {{multiple image | align = right | direction = horizontal | header = Gujarat Sultanate | alt4 = | image4 = Saher ki Masjid.jpg | caption4 = Saher ki Masjid | alt3 = | image3 = Jama Masjid11.jpg | caption3 = Jama Masjid, Ahmedabad | alt2 = | image2 = Jaali at Sarkhej Roza.JPG | caption2 = Jaali work at [[Sarkhej Roza]] | alt1 = | image1 = Champaner - Jami Masjid, Gujarat.jpg | caption1 = Jami Masjid, Champaner | perrow = 2 | total_width = 330 | caption_align = center | header_align = center | footer_align = center }} Under the [[Gujarat Sultanate]], independent between 1407 and 1543, Gujarat was a prosperous regional sultanate under the rule of the [[Muzaffarids (Gujarat)|Muzaffarid dynasty]], who built lavishly, particularly in the capital, [[Ahmedabad]], in its distinctive style of Indo-Islamic architecture. The sultanate commissioned mosques such as the [[Jama Mosque, Ahmedabad|Jami Masjid of Ahmedabad]], [[Jama Mosque, Champaner|Jama Masjid at Champaner]], [[Jami Mosque, Khambhat|Jami Masjid at Khambhat]], [[Qutbuddin Mosque]], [[Rani Rupamati's Mosque|Rani Rupamati Mosque]], [[Sarkhej Roza]], [[Sidi Bashir Mosque]], [[Kevada Mosque]], [[Sidi Saiyyed Mosque|Sidi Sayyed Mosque]], [[Nagina Mosque]] and Pattharwali Masjid, as well as structures such as [[Teen Darwaza]], [[Bhadra Fort]] and the [[Dada Harir Stepwell]] in Ahmedabad. The distinctive Indo-Islamic architecture style of Gujarat drew micro-architectural elements from earlier [[Māru-Gurjara architecture|Maru-Gurjara architecture]] and employed them in [[mihrab]], roofs, doors, minarets and facades. In the 15th century, the Indo-Islamic style of Gujarat is especially notable for its inventive and elegant use of [[minaret]]s. They are often in pairs flanking the main entrance, mostly rather thin and with elaborate carving at least at the lower levels. Some designs push out balconies at intervals up the shaft; the most extreme version of this was in the lost upper parts of the so-called "shaking minarets" at the [[Jama Mosque, Ahmedabad]], which fell down in [[1819 Rann of Kutch earthquake|an earthquake in 1819]]. This carving draws on the traditional skills of local stone-carvers, previously exercised on Hindu temples in the Māru-Gurjara and other local styles. Indo-Islamic architecture style of Gujarat presages many of the architectural elements later found in [[Mughal architecture]], including ornate ''[[mihrab]]s'' and minarets, ''[[jali]]'' (perforated screens carved in stone), and ''[[chattri]]s'' (pavilions topped with [[cupola]]s). The [[Champaner-Pavagadh Archaeological Park]], the 16th century capital of Gujarat Sultanate, documents the early Islamic and pre-[[Mughal Empire|Mughal]] city that has remained without any change.
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