Editing D (programming language) (section)

==History==
[[Walter Bright]] started working on a new language in 1999. D was first released in December 2001<ref name="D1 changelog1">{{cite web |title=D Change Log to Nov 7 2005 |url=http://www.digitalmars.com/d/1.0/changelog1.html |work=D Programming Language 1.0 |publisher=Digital Mars |access-date=1 December 2011}}</ref> and reached version 1.0 in January 2007.<ref name="D1 changelog2">{{cite web |title=D Change Log |url=http://www.digitalmars.com/d/1.0/changelog2.html |work=D Programming Language 1.0 |publisher=Digital Mars |access-date=11 January 2012}}</ref> The first version of the language (D1) concentrated on the imperative, object oriented and metaprogramming paradigms,<ref>{{cite web |title=Intro |url=http://www.digitalmars.com/d/1.0/ |work=D Programming Language 1.0 |publisher=Digital Mars |access-date=1 December 2011}}</ref> similar to C++.

Some members of the D community dissatisfied with Phobos, D's official [[Runtime library|runtime]] and [[standard library]], created an alternative runtime and standard library named Tango. The first public Tango announcement came within days of D 1.0's release.<ref>{{cite web |title=Announcing a new library |url=http://forum.dlang.org/post/en9ou4$23hr$1@digitaldaemon.com |access-date=15 February 2012}}</ref> Tango adopted a different programming style, embracing OOP and high modularity. Being a community-led project, Tango was more open to contributions, which allowed it to progress faster than the official standard library. At that time, Tango and Phobos were incompatible due to different runtime support APIs (the garbage collector, threading support, etc.). This made it impossible to use both libraries in the same project. The existence of two libraries, both widely in use, has led to significant dispute due to some packages using Phobos and others using Tango.<ref>{{cite web |title=Wiki4D: Standard Lib |url=http://www.prowiki.org/wiki4d/wiki.cgi?StandardLib |access-date=6 July 2010}}</ref>

In June 2007, the first version of D2 was released.<ref name="D2 changelog">{{cite web |title=Change Log – D Programming Language |url=https://dlang.org/changelog/ |work=D Programming Language 2.0 |publisher=D Language Foundation |access-date=22 November 2020}}</ref> The beginning of D2's development signaled D1's stabilization. The first version of the language has been placed in maintenance, only receiving corrections and implementation bugfixes. D2 introduced [[breaking changes]] to the language, beginning with its first experimental [[const-correctness|const system]]. D2 later added numerous other language features, such as [[Closure (computer programming)|closures]], [[Pure function|purity]], and support for the functional and concurrent programming paradigms. D2 also solved standard library problems by separating the runtime from the standard library. The completion of a D2 Tango port was announced in February 2012.<ref>{{cite web |title=Tango for D2: All user modules ported |url=http://forum.dlang.org/post/jgagrl$1ta5$1@digitalmars.com |access-date=16 February 2012}}</ref>

The release of [[Andrei Alexandrescu]]'s book ''The D Programming Language'' on 12 June 2010, marked the stabilization of D2, which today is commonly referred to as just "D".

In January 2011, D development moved from a bugtracker / patch-submission basis to [[GitHub]]. This has led to a significant increase in contributions to the compiler, runtime and standard library.<ref>{{cite web |title=Re: GitHub or dsource? |url=http://forum.dlang.org/post/iv524m$98r$1@digitalmars.com |author=Walter Bright |access-date=15 February 2012}}</ref>

In December 2011, Andrei Alexandrescu announced that D1, the first version of the language, would be discontinued on 31 December 2012.<ref>{{cite web |title=D1 to be discontinued on December 31, 2012 |url=http://forum.dlang.org/post/jc0ic5$18bv$2@digitalmars.com |author=Andrei Alexandrescu |access-date=31 January 2014}}</ref> The final D1 release, D v1.076, was on 31 December 2012.<ref name="D1 changelog">{{cite web |title=D Change Log |url=http://www.digitalmars.com/d/1.0/changelog.html |work=D Programming Language 1.0 |publisher=Digital Mars |access-date=31 January 2014}}</ref>

Code for the official D compiler, the ''Digital Mars D compiler'' by Walter Bright, was originally released under a custom [[software license|license]], qualifying as [[source available]] but not conforming to the [[Open Source Definition]].<ref name="D-backend-license">{{cite web |url=https://github.com/dlang/dmd/blob/master/src/backendlicense.txt |title=backendlicense.txt |publisher=GitHub |work=DMD source code |access-date=5 March 2012 |archive-url=https://archive.today/20161022202138/https://github.com/dlang/dmd/blob/master/src/backendlicense.txt |archive-date=22 October 2016 |url-status=dead}}</ref> In 2014, the compiler [[compiler#Front end|front-end]] was [[software relicensing|re-licensed]] as [[Open-source software|open source]] under the [[Boost Software License]].<ref name="D-frontend-license">{{cite web |url=http://forum.dlang.org/post/lndgp4$hiq$1@digitalmars.com |title=dmd front end now switched to Boost license |access-date=9 September 2014}}</ref> This re-licensed code excluded the back-end, which had been partially developed at [[NortonLifeLock|Symantec]]. On 7 April 2017, the whole compiler was made available under the Boost license after Symantec gave permission to re-license the back-end, too.<ref name="boost-backend">{{cite web |url=https://forum.dlang.org/post/oc8acc$1ei9$1@digitalmars.com |title=dmd Backend converted to Boost License |date=7 April 2017 |access-date=9 April 2017}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.reddit.com/r/programming/comments/82cgp/new_release_of_the_d_programming_language_now/c082539 |title=Reddit comment by Walter Bright |date=5 March 2009 |access-date=9 September 2014}}</ref><ref>[http://www.linux-magazin.de/NEWS/D-Compiler-unter-freier-Lizenz D-Compiler-unter-freier-Lizenz] on linux-magazin.de (2017, in German)</ref><ref>[https://github.com/dlang/dmd/pull/6680 switch backend to Boost License #6680] from Walter Bright on [[github.com]]</ref> On 21 June 2017, the D Language was accepted for inclusion in GCC.<ref>[https://gcc.gnu.org/ml/gcc/2017-06/msg00111.html D Language accepted for inclusion in GCC]</ref>