Editing Intel (section)

=== Intel Core ===
{{Main|Intel Core}}
The Intel Core line originated from the original Core brand, with the release of the [[32-bit computing|32-bit]] ''[[Yonah (microprocessor)|Yonah]]'' [[CPU]], Intel's first [[dual-core]] mobile (low-power) processor. Derived from the [[Pentium M]], the processor family used an enhanced version of the P6 microarchitecture. Its successor, the [[Intel Core 2|Core 2]] family, was released on July 27, 2006. This was based on the Intel [[Intel Core (microarchitecture)|Core microarchitecture]], and was a 64-bit design.<ref>{{cite web|title=Intel Microarchitecture|url=http://www.intel.com/technology/architecture-silicon/core/|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090612020454/http://www.intel.com/technology/architecture-silicon/core/|archive-date=June 12, 2009|access-date=December 13, 2010|publisher=Intel}}</ref> Instead of focusing on higher clock rates, the Core microarchitecture emphasized power efficiency and a return to lower clock speeds.<ref>{{cite web|title=Penryn Arrives: Core 2 Extreme QX9650 Review|url=http://www.extremetech.com/article2/0,1697,2208241,00.asp|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20071031004242/http://www.extremetech.com/article2/0%2C1697%2C2208241%2C00.asp|archive-date=October 31, 2007|access-date=October 30, 2006|publisher=ExtremeTech}}</ref> It also provided more efficient decoding stages, execution units, [[CPU cache|caches]], and [[Bus (computing)|buses]], reducing the [[Electric energy consumption|power consumption]] of Core 2-branded CPUs while increasing their processing capacity.

In November 2008, Intel released the 1st-generation Core processors based on the [[Nehalem (microarchitecture)|Nehalem microarchitecture]]. Intel also introduced a new naming scheme, with the three variants now named Core i3, i5, and i7 (as well as i9 from 7th-generation onwards). Unlike the previous naming scheme, these names no longer correspond to specific technical features. It was succeeded by the [[Westmere (microarchitecture)|Westmere microarchitecture]] in 2010, with a die shrink to 32&nbsp;nm and included Intel HD Graphics.

In 2011, Intel released the [[Sandy Bridge]]-based 2nd-generation Core processor family. This generation featured an 11% performance increase over Nehalem.<ref>{{cite web|author=Anand Lal Shimpi|title=The Sandy Bridge Review: Intel Core i7-2600K, i5-2500K and Core i3-2100 Tested|url=http://www.anandtech.com/show/4083/the-sandy-bridge-review-intel-core-i7-2600k-i5-2500k-core-i3-2100-tested/1|access-date=May 27, 2015|work=anandtech.com|archive-date=May 14, 2012|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120514034456/http://www.anandtech.com/show/4083/the-sandy-bridge-review-intel-core-i7-2600k-i5-2500k-core-i3-2100-tested/1|url-status=live}}</ref> It was succeeded by [[Ivy Bridge (microarchitecture)|Ivy Bridge]]-based 3rd-generation Core, introduced at the 2012 Intel Developer Forum.<ref>Rick Merritt, ''[[EE Times]]''. [http://eetimes.com/electronics-news/4227214/Intel-describes-22nm-Ivy-Bridge-CPUs "Intel describes 22nm Ivy Bridge CPUs"] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110930003303/http://www.eetimes.com/electronics-news/4227214/Intel-describes-22nm-Ivy-Bridge-CPUs |date=September 30, 2011 }}. September 13, 2011. Retrieved September 14, 2011.</ref> Ivy Bridge featured a die shrink to [[22 nm process|22 nm]], and supported both DDR3 memory and DDR3L chips.

Intel continued its [[Tick–tock model|tick-tock]] model of a microarchitecture change followed by a die shrink until the 6th-generation Core family based on the [[Skylake (microarchitecture)|Skylake]] microarchitecture. This model was deprecated in 2016, with the release of the 7th-generation Core family based on [[Kaby Lake]], ushering in the [[process–architecture–optimization model]].<ref name="anandtech-pao">{{cite web|title=Intel's 'Tick–Tock' Seemingly Dead, Becomes 'Process–Architecture–Optimization'|url=http://www.anandtech.com/show/10183/intels-tick-tock-seemingly-dead-becomes-process-architecture-optimization|access-date=March 23, 2016|website=Anandtech.com|archive-date=March 23, 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160323075035/http://www.anandtech.com/show/10183/intels-tick-tock-seemingly-dead-becomes-process-architecture-optimization|url-status=live}}</ref> From 2016 until 2021, Intel later released more optimizations on the Skylake microarchitecture with [[Kaby Lake|Kaby Lake R]], [[Amber Lake (microarchitecture)|Amber Lake]], [[Whiskey Lake (microprocessor)|Whiskey Lake]], [[Coffee Lake]], [[Coffee Lake Refresh|Coffee Lake R]], and [[Comet Lake (microprocessor)|Comet Lake]].<ref>{{cite news|title=New 8th Gen Intel Core Processors Optimize Connectivity, Great Performance, Battery Life for Laptops {{!}} Intel Newsroom|language=en-US|work=Intel Newsroom|url=https://newsroom.intel.com/news/new-8th-gen-intel-core-processors-optimized-connectivity-great-performance-long-battery-life-laptops/|access-date=August 28, 2018|archive-date=November 9, 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191109114349/https://newsroom.intel.com/news/new-8th-gen-intel-core-processors-optimized-connectivity-great-performance-long-battery-life-laptops/|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|last1=Cutress|first1=Ian|date=September 25, 2017|title=Intel Announces 8th Generation Core "Coffee Lake" Desktop Processors: Six-core i7, Four-core i3, and Z370 Motherboards|publisher=Anandtech|url=https://www.anandtech.com/show/11869/intel-announces-8th-generation-coffee-lake-hex-core-desktop-processors|access-date=February 15, 2021|archive-date=January 22, 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210122073932/https://www.anandtech.com/show/11869/intel-announces-8th-generation-coffee-lake-hex-core-desktop-processors|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|title=Intel Announces World's Best Gaming Processor: New 9th Gen Intel Core i9-9900K|url=https://newsroom.intel.com/news-releases/intel-announces-worlds-best-gaming-processor-new-9th-gen-intel-core-i9-9900k/|website=Intel Newsroom|access-date=February 15, 2021|archive-date=March 4, 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210304133209/https://newsroom.intel.com/news-releases/intel-announces-worlds-best-gaming-processor-new-9th-gen-intel-core-i9-9900k/|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|title=Intel Expands 10th Gen Intel Core Mobile Processor Family, Offering Double Digit Performance Gains|url=https://newsroom.intel.com/news/intel-expands-10th-gen-intel-core-mobile-processor-family-offering-double-digit-performance-gains/|access-date=August 24, 2019|website=Intel Newsroom|language=en-US|archive-date=August 21, 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190821132851/https://newsroom.intel.com/news/intel-expands-10th-gen-intel-core-mobile-processor-family-offering-double-digit-performance-gains/|url-status=live}}</ref> Intel struggled to shrink their process node from [[14 nm process|14 nm]] to [[10 nm process|10 nm]], with the first microarchitecture under that node, [[Cannon Lake (microarchitecture)|Cannon Lake]] (marketed as 8th-generation Core), only being released in small quantities in 2018.<ref name="Cutress"/><ref name="Intel discontinues Cannon Lake NUC"/>

In 2019, Intel released the 10th-generation of Core processors, codenamed "Amber Lake", "Comet Lake", and "[[Ice Lake (microprocessor)|Ice Lake]]". Ice Lake, based on the [[Sunny Cove]] microarchitecture, was produced on the 10&nbsp;nm process and was limited to low-power mobile processors. Both Amber Lake and Comet Lake were based on a refined 14&nbsp;nm node, with the latter being used for desktop and high-performance mobile products and the former used for low-power mobile products.

In September 2020, 11th-generation Core mobile processors, codenamed [[Tiger Lake (microprocessor)|Tiger Lake]], were launched.<ref name=":13">{{cite web|last=Cutress|first=Dr Ian|title=Intel's 11th Gen Core Tiger Lake SoC Detailed: SuperFin, Willow Cove and Xe-LP|url=https://www.anandtech.com/show/15971/intels-11th-gen-core-tiger-lake-soc-detailed-superfin-willow-cove-and-xelp|access-date=April 6, 2021|website=www.anandtech.com|archive-date=May 18, 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210518152431/https://www.anandtech.com/show/15971/intels-11th-gen-core-tiger-lake-soc-detailed-superfin-willow-cove-and-xelp|url-status=live}}</ref> Tiger Lake is based on the Willow Cove microarchitecture and a refined 10&nbsp;nm node.<ref>{{cite web|date=January 20, 2016|title=Intel teases its Ice Lake & Tiger Lake family, 10nm for 2018 and 2019|url=https://www.tweaktown.com/news/49816/intel-teases-ice-lake-tiger-family-10nm-2018-2019/index.html|access-date=February 15, 2021|website=TweakTown|language=en-US|archive-date=August 1, 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200801203326/https://www.tweaktown.com/news/49816/intel-teases-ice-lake-tiger-family-10nm-2018-2019/index.html|url-status=live}}</ref> Intel later released 11th-generation Core desktop processors (codenamed "[[Rocket Lake]]"), fabricated using Intel's 14&nbsp;nm process and based on the [[Cypress Cove (microarchitecture)|Cypress Cove]] microarchitecture,<ref name="anandtech">{{cite web|date=October 29, 2020|title=Intel's 11th Gen Core Rocket Lake Detailed: Ice Lake Core with Xe Graphics|url=https://www.anandtech.com/show/16205/intels-11th-gen-core-rocket-lake-detailed-ice-lake-core-with-xe-graphics|publisher=AnandTech|access-date=February 15, 2021|archive-date=November 19, 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211119072253/https://www.anandtech.com/show/16205/intels-11th-gen-core-rocket-lake-detailed-ice-lake-core-with-xe-graphics|url-status=live}}</ref> on March 30, 2021.<ref>{{cite web|last=Alcorn|first=Paul|date=March 23, 2021|title=Intel Rocket Lake Price, Benchmarks, Specs and Release Date, All We Know|url=https://www.tomshardware.com/news/intel-rocket-lake-release-date-specifications-performance-all-we-know|access-date=April 6, 2021|website=Tom's Hardware|language=en|archive-date=March 24, 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210324150510/https://www.tomshardware.com/news/intel-rocket-lake-release-date-specifications-performance-all-we-know|url-status=live}}</ref> It replaced Comet Lake desktop processors. All 11th-generation Core processors feature new integrated graphics based on the [[Intel Xe]] microarchitecture.<ref>{{cite web|last=Smith|first=Ryan|title=The Intel Xe-LP GPU Architecture Deep Dive: Building Up The Next Generation|url=https://www.anandtech.com/show/15973/the-intel-xelp-gpu-architecture-deep-dive-building-up-from-the-bottom|access-date=February 15, 2021|website=www.anandtech.com|archive-date=August 16, 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200816002207/https://www.anandtech.com/show/15973/the-intel-xelp-gpu-architecture-deep-dive-building-up-from-the-bottom|url-status=live}}</ref>

Both desktop and mobile products were unified under a single process node with the release of 12th-generation Intel Core processors (codenamed "[[Alder Lake (microprocessor)|Alder Lake]]") in late 2021.<ref name=":02">{{cite web|last=Cutress|first=Dr Ian|title=Intel Alder Lake: Confirmed x86 Hybrid with Golden Cove and Gracemont for 2021|url=https://www.anandtech.com/show/15979/intel-alder-lake-confirmed-x86-hybrid-with-golden-cove-and-gracemont-for-2021|access-date=February 15, 2021|website=www.anandtech.com|archive-date=August 14, 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200814201629/https://www.anandtech.com/show/15979/intel-alder-lake-confirmed-x86-hybrid-with-golden-cove-and-gracemont-for-2021|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite magazine|last=Dexter|first=Alan|date=April 6, 2021|title=Intel Alder Lake CPUs: What are they, when will they launch, and how fast will they be?|url=https://www.pcgamer.com/intel-alder-lake-release-date-specs-performance-price/|access-date=April 7, 2021|magazine=[[PC Gamer]]|language=en-US|archive-date=April 6, 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210406112644/https://www.pcgamer.com/intel-alder-lake-release-date-specs-performance-price/|url-status=live}}</ref> This generation will be fabricated using Intel's 10&nbsp;nm process, called Intel 7, for both desktop and mobile processors, and is based on a [[Heterogeneous computing|hybrid architecture]] utilizing high-performance [[Golden Cove (microarchitecture)|Golden Cove]] cores and high-efficiency [[Gracemont (microarchitecture)|Gracemont]] (Atom) cores.<ref name=":02"/>

==== Transient execution CPU vulnerability ====
{{Excerpt|Transient execution CPU vulnerability}}