Editing Iron overload (section)

===Chelating polymers===

A minimally invasive approach to [[hereditary haemochromatosis|hereditary hemochromatosis]] treatment is the [[maintenance therapy]] with [[Ion-exchange resin|polymeric chelators]].<ref name="Polomoscanik2005">{{cite journal|last1=Polomoscanik|first1=Steven C.|last2=Cannon|first2=C. Pat|last3=Neenan|first3=Thomas X.|last4=Holmes-Farley|first4=S. Randall|last5=Mandeville|first5=W. Harry|last6=Dhal|first6=Pradeep K.|title=Hydroxamic Acid-Containing Hydrogels for Nonabsorbed Iron Chelation Therapy: Synthesis, Characterization, and Biological Evaluation|journal=Biomacromolecules|volume=6|issue=6|year=2005|pages=2946–53|issn=1525-7797|doi=10.1021/bm050036p|pmid=16283713}}</ref><ref name="QianSullivan2017">{{cite journal|last1=Qian|first1=Jian|last2=Sullivan|first2=Bradley P.|last3=Peterson|first3=Samuel J.|last4=Berkland|first4=Cory|title=Nonabsorbable Iron Binding Polymers Prevent Dietary Iron Absorption for the Treatment of Iron Overload|journal=ACS Macro Letters|volume=6|issue=4|year=2017|pages=350–53|issn=2161-1653|doi=10.1021/acsmacrolett.6b00945|pmid=35610854 }}</ref><ref name="Groborz2020">{{cite journal|last1=Groborz|first1=Ondřej|last2=Poláková|first2=Lenka|last3=Kolouchová|first3=Kristýna|last4=Švec|first4=Pavel|last5=Loukotová|first5=Lenka|last6=Miriyala|first6=Vijay Madhav|last7=Francová|first7=Pavla|last8=Kučka|first8=Jan|last9=Krijt|first9=Jan|last10=Páral|first10=Petr|last11=Báječný|first11=Martin|last12=Heizer|first12=Tomáš|last13=Pohl|first13=Radek|last14=Dunlop|first14=David|last15=Czernek|first15=Jiří|last16=Šefc|first16=Luděk|last17=Beneš|first17=Jiří|last18=Štěpánek|first18=Petr|last19=Hobza|first19=Pavel|last20=Hrubý|first20=Martin|title=Chelating Polymers for Hereditary Hemochromatosis Treatment|journal=Macromolecular Bioscience|year=2020|volume=20|issue=12|pages=2000254|issn=1616-5187|doi=10.1002/mabi.202000254|pmid=32954629|s2cid=221827050}}</ref> These polymers or particles have a negligible or null systemic [[bioavailability|biological availability]] and they are designed to form stable complexes with Fe<sup>2+</sup> and Fe<sup>3+</sup> in the [[gastrointestinal tract|GIT]] and thus limiting their uptake and long-term accumulation. Although this method has only a limited efficacy, unlike [[chelation therapy|small-molecular chelators]], the approach has virtually no side effects in sub-chronic studies.<ref name="Groborz2020" /> Interestingly, the simultaneous chelation of Fe<sup>2+</sup> and Fe<sup>3+</sup> increases the treatment efficacy.<ref name="Groborz2020" />