Editing Java (programming language) (section)

== Class libraries ==
{{Main|Java Class Library}}
The [[Java Class Library]] is the [[standard library]], developed to support application development in Java. It is controlled by [[Oracle Corporation|Oracle]] in cooperation with others through the [[Java Community Process]] program.<ref>{{Citation|last=Cadenhead|first=Rogers|title=Understanding How Java Programs Work|date=2017-11-20|url=http://www.informit.com/articles/article.aspx?p=2832404&seqNum=4|access-date=2019-03-26|archive-date=August 13, 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210813193850/https://www.informit.com/articles/article.aspx?p=2832404&seqNum=4|url-status=live}}</ref> Companies or individuals participating in this process can influence the design and development of the APIs. This process has been a subject of controversy during the 2010s.<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.theguardian.com/technology/2016/may/26/google-wins-copyright-lawsuit-oracle-java-code|title=Google wins six-year legal battle with Oracle over Android code copyright|last=Woolf|first=Nicky|date=2016-05-26|work=The Guardian|access-date=2019-03-26|language=en-GB|issn=0261-3077|archive-date=March 26, 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190326203847/https://www.theguardian.com/technology/2016/may/26/google-wins-copyright-lawsuit-oracle-java-code|url-status=live}}</ref> The class library contains features such as:
* The core libraries, which include:
** [[Input/output]] (I/O or IO){{sfn|Bloch|2018|loc=§&nbsp;1 Introduction|pp=1-4}} and [[Non-blocking I/O (Java)|non-blocking I/O]] (NIO), or IO/NIO<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://docs.oracle.com/javase/8/docs/api/java/nio/package-summary.html|title=java.nio (Java Platform SE 8)|website=docs.oracle.com}}</ref>
** [[Computer network|Networking]]<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://docs.oracle.com/javase/8/docs/technotes/guides/net/|title=Java Networking|website=docs.oracle.com}}</ref> (new [[user agent]] (HTTP client) since Java 11<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://docs.oracle.com/en/java/javase/11/docs/api/java.net.http/java/net/http/HttpClient.html|title=HttpClient (Java SE 11 & JDK 11)|website=docs.oracle.com}}</ref>)
** [[Reflective programming]] (reflection)
** [[Concurrent computing]] (concurrency){{sfn|Bloch|2018|loc=§&nbsp;1 Introduction|pp=1-4}}
** [[Generics in Java|Generics]]
** Scripting, Compiler
** [[Functional programming]] ([[Lambda (programming)|Lambda]], streaming)
** [[Java collections framework|Collection libraries]] that implement [[data structure]]s such as [[List (abstract data type)|lists]], [[associative array|dictionaries]], [[tree structure|trees]], [[Set (abstract data type)|sets]], [[Queue (abstract data type)|queues]] and [[double-ended queue]], or [[Stack (abstract data type)|stacks]]<ref name="collections">{{cite web |url=http://docs.oracle.com/javase/8/docs/technotes/guides/collections/overview.html |title=Collections Framework Overview |publisher=Oracle |work=Java Documentation |access-date=December 18, 2014 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141231132540/http://docs.oracle.com/javase/8/docs/technotes/guides/collections/overview.html |archive-date=December 31, 2014 |url-status=live}}</ref>
** [[XML]] Processing (Parsing, Transforming, Validating) libraries
** [[Computer security|Security]]<ref name="security">{{cite web |url=http://docs.oracle.com/javase/8/docs/technotes/guides/security/overview/jsoverview.html |title=Java Security Overview |publisher=Oracle |work=Java Documentation |access-date=December 18, 2014 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150103045031/http://docs.oracle.com/javase/8/docs/technotes/guides/security/overview/jsoverview.html |archive-date=January 3, 2015 |url-status=live}}</ref>
** [[Internationalization and localization]] libraries<ref name="i18n">{{cite web |url=http://docs.oracle.com/javase/tutorial/i18n/ |title=Trail: Internationalization |publisher=Oracle |work=The Java Tutorials |access-date=December 18, 2014 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141231053232/http://docs.oracle.com/javase/tutorial/i18n/ |archive-date=December 31, 2014 |url-status=live}}</ref>
* The integration libraries, which allow the application writer to communicate with external systems. These libraries include:
** The [[Java Database Connectivity]] (JDBC) [[Application programming interface|API]] for database access
** [[Java Naming and Directory Interface]] (JNDI) for lookup and discovery
** [[Java remote method invocation]] (RMI) and [[Common Object Request Broker Architecture]] (CORBA) for distributed application development
** [[Java Management Extensions]] (JMX) for managing and monitoring applications
* [[User interface]] libraries, which include:
** The (heavyweight, or [[Native (computing)|native]]) [[Abstract Window Toolkit]] (AWT), which provides [[graphical user interface|GUI]] components, the means for laying out those components and the means for handling events from those components
** The (lightweight) [[Swing (Java)|Swing]] libraries, which are built on AWT but provide (non-native) implementations of the AWT widgetry
** APIs for audio capture, processing, and playback
** [[JavaFX]]
* A platform dependent implementation of the Java virtual machine that is the means by which the bytecodes of the Java libraries and third-party applications are executed
* Plugins, which enable [[Java applet|applets]] to be run in web browsers
* [[Java Web Start]], which allows Java applications to be efficiently distributed to [[end user]]s across the Internet
* Licensing and documentation