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Linus Pauling
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== Honors and awards == Pauling received numerous awards and honors during his career, including the following:<ref name="summary">{{Cite web |last=Center for Oral History |title=Linus C. Pauling |url=https://oh.sciencehistory.org/oral-histories/pauling-linus-c |website=[[Science History Institute]]}}</ref><ref name="OH" /><ref name="honors">{{Cite web |title=Linus Pauling: Awards, Honors and Medals |url=http://scarc.library.oregonstate.edu/coll/pauling/awards/ |access-date=April 25, 2013 |website=Special Collections |publisher=Oregon State University Libraries}}</ref> {{div col}} * 1931 [[ACS Award in Pure Chemistry]]<ref>{{Cite web |title=ACS Award in Pure Chemistry |url=http://www.acs.org/content/acs/en/funding-and-awards/awards/national/bytopic/acs-award-in-pure-chemistry.html |access-date=January 18, 2014 |publisher=American Chemical Society}}</ref> * 1931 [[Irving Langmuir Award]], American Chemical Society.<ref name="OH" /><ref name=honors/> * 1933 Elected Member of the United States [[National Academy of Sciences]]<ref>{{cite web|title=Linus Pauling |department=Member Directory |publisher=[[National Academy of Sciences]]|url=https://www.nasonline.org/member-directory/deceased-members/51785.html}}</ref> * 1936 Elected Member of the United States [[American Philosophical Society]]<ref>{{cite web|title=American Philosophical Society Member History |publisher=[[American Philosophical Society]]|url=https://search.amphilsoc.org/memhist/search?creator=pauling&title=&subject=&subdiv=&mem=&year=&year-max=&dead=&keyword=&smode=advanced}}</ref> * 1940 [[Alpha Chi Sigma]], professional chemistry fraternity.<ref name="Chi1940">{{Cite web |title=Alpha Chi Sigma Fraternity, Certificate of Membership |url=http://scarc.library.oregonstate.edu/coll/pauling/awards/1940h.1.html |access-date=May 27, 2015 |website=Special Collections & Archives Research Center. |publisher=Oregon State University Libraries}}</ref> * 1941 [[William H. Nichols#Nichols' legacy|Nichols Medal]], New York Section, American Chemical Society.<ref name="OH" /> * 1944 Elected Member of the [[American Academy of Arts and Sciences]]<ref>{{cite web|title=Linus Carl Pauling |date=February 9, 2023 |department=Member Directory |publisher=[[American Academy of Arts and Sciences]]|url=https://www.amacad.org/person/linus-carl-pauling}}</ref> * 1946 [[Willard Gibbs Award]], Chicago section of the American Chemical Society.<ref name=honors/> * 1947 [[Davy Medal]], [[Royal Society]].<ref name="OH" /><ref name=honors/> * 1947 T. W. Richards Medal, Northeastern Section of the American Chemical Society.<ref name=honors/> * 1948 [[Presidential Medal for Merit]] by President [[Harry S. Truman]] of the United States.<ref name="OH" /><ref name=honors/> * 1948 Elected a Foreign Member of the [[Royal Society]] of London (ForMemRS)<ref name="frs" /> * 1951 [[Gilbert N. Lewis]] medal, California section of the American Chemical Society.<ref name=honors/> * 1952 Pasteur Medal, Biochemical Society of France.<ref name="OH" /><ref>{{Cite web |title=Societe de Chimie Biologique, Louis Pasteur Medal. 1952 β Linus Pauling: Awards, Honors and Medals |url=http://scarc.library.oregonstate.edu/coll/pauling/awards/1952h.3.html |website=scarc.library.oregonstate.edu}}</ref> * 1954 [[Nobel Prize in Chemistry]].<ref name="OH" /><ref name=honors/> * 1955 Addis Medal, National Nephrosis Foundation.<ref name="OH" /><ref name=honors/> * 1955 John Phillips Memorial Award, [[American College of Physicians]].<ref name="OH" /><ref name=honors/> * 1956 Avogadro Medal, Italian Academy of Science.<ref name="OH" /><ref name=honors/> * 1957 [[Paul Sabatier (chemist)|Paul Sabatier]] Medal. * 1957 Pierre Fermat Medal in Mathematics (awarded for only the sixth time in three centuries).<ref name="OH" /><ref name=honors/><ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20120113045400/http://oregondigital.org/cdm4/item_viewer.php?CISOROOT=/pawards&CISOPTR=33&CISOBOX=1&REC=2 Pauling's awards and medals] (includes image of Fermat medal).</ref> * 1957 International [[Hugo Grotius|Grotius]] Medal.<ref name="OH" /> * 1959 [[Messenger Lectures]]hip * 1960 Fellow, [[Royal Society of Arts]] * 1961 Humanist of the Year, [[American Humanist Association]]. * 1961 [[Gandhi Peace Award]] by [[Promoting Enduring Peace]].<ref>{{Cite web |title=Gandhi Peace Award |url=http://www.pepeace.org/gandhi-peace-award |access-date=April 26, 2013 |publisher=Promoting Enduring Peace}}</ref> * 1962 [[Nobel Peace Prize]].<ref name="OH" /><ref name=honors/> * 1965 Medal, Academy of the Rumanian People's Republic.<ref name="OH" /> * 1966 [[Linus Pauling Award]].<ref name="OH" /> * 1966 Silver Medal, [[Institute of France]].<ref name="OH" /> * 1966 Supreme Peace Sponsor, World Fellowship of Religion.<ref name="OH" /> * 1967 [[Washington A. Roebling]] Medal, [[Mineralogical Society of America]].<ref name=honors/> * 1972 [[Lenin Peace Prize]].<ref name="OH" /> * 1974 [[National Medal of Science]] by President [[Gerald R. Ford]] of the United States.<ref name=honors/> * 1978 [[Lomonosov Gold Medal]], Presidium of the Academy of the USSR.<ref name="OH" /><ref name=honors/> * 1979 Gold Medal Honoree, [[National Institute of Social Sciences]].<ref>{{Cite web |title=Gold Medal Honorees |url=http://www.socialsciencesinstitute.org/gold-medal-honorees |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190702153336/http://www.socialsciencesinstitute.org/gold-medal-honorees |archive-date=July 2, 2019 |access-date=July 2, 2019 |website=[[National Institute of Social Sciences]]}}</ref> * 1979 [[NAS Award in Chemical Sciences]], [[United States National Academy of Sciences|National Academy of Sciences]].<ref name="OH" /><ref name="Chemical">{{Cite web |title=NAS Award in Chemical Sciences |url=http://www.nasonline.org/programs/awards/chemical-sciences.html |access-date=June 2, 2015 |publisher=National Academy of Sciences}}</ref> * 1979 Golden Plate Award, [[American Academy of Achievement]]<ref>{{Cite web |title=Golden Plate Awardees of the American Academy of Achievement |url=https://www.achievement.org/our-history/golden-plate-awards/#science-exploration |website=www.achievement.org |publisher=[[American Academy of Achievement]]}}</ref> * 1981 [[John K. Lattimer]] Award, [[American Urological Association]].<ref name=honors/> * 1984 [[Priestley Medal]], American Chemical Society.<ref name="OH" /><ref name=honors/> * 1984 Award for Chemistry, [[Arthur M. Sackler]] Foundation.<ref name="OH" /> * 1986 [[Lavoisier Medal]] by Fondation de la Maison de la Chimie.<ref name=honors/> * 1987 Award in Chemical Education, American Chemical Society.<ref name="OH" /> * 1989 [[Vannevar Bush Award]], [[National Science Board]].<ref name="OH" /><ref name=honors/> * 1990 [[Richard C. Tolman]] Medal, American Chemical Society Southern California Section.<ref name="OH" /> * 1992 [[Daisaku Ikeda]] Medal, [[Soka Gakkai International]]<ref name=honors/> * 2008 "American Scientists" [[List of people on stamps of the United States#P|U.S. postage stamp]] series, $0.41, for his sickle cell disease work.<ref>{{Cite web |title=OSU Celebrates Linus Pauling and Release of New U.S. Postal Service Stamp |url=http://oregonstate.edu/events/stamp/ |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131102050729/http://oregonstate.edu/events/stamp/ |archive-date=November 2, 2013 |access-date=April 25, 2013 |website=Events |publisher=Oregon State University}}</ref> {{div col end}}
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