Editing Relative clause (section)

====Ancient Greek====
[[Ancient Greek]] follows (almost) the same rules as Latin.

{{fs interlinear|lang=grc|indent=3
|αἱ '''πόλεις''', '''ἃς''' εἶδον, μεγάλαι εἰσίν.
|hai '''póleis''', '''hàs''' eîdon, megálai eisin.
|The '''cities''', '''which''' I saw are large.}}

However, there is a phenomenon in Ancient Greek called ''case attraction'', where the case of the relative pronoun can be "attracted" to the case of its antecedent.

{{fs interlinear|lang=grc|indent=3
|ἄξιοι τῆς '''ἐλευθερίας''' '''ἧς''' κέκτησθε 
|áxioi tês '''eleutheríās''' '''hês''' kéktēsthe
|Worthy '''of the freedom''' ({{lit|of which}}) you have obtained. {{=}} Worthy of the freedom which you have obtained.}}

In this example, although the relative pronoun should be in the accusative case, as the object of "obtain", it is attracted to the genitive case of its antecedent ("of the freedom...").

The Ancient Greek relative pronoun ὅς, ἥ, ὅ (''hós, hē&#769;, hó'') is unrelated to the Latin word, since it derives from [[Proto-Indo-European language|Proto-Indo-European]] {{PIE|*yos}}: in [[Proto-Greek language|Proto-Greek]], ''y'' before a vowel usually changed to ''h'' ([[debuccalization]]). [[Cognate]]s include [[Sanskrit]] relative pronouns ''yas, yā, yad'' (where ''o'' changed to short ''a'').<ref>{{LSJ|o(/s1|ὅς|ref}}</ref>

The Greek definite article ὁ, ἡ, τό (''ho, hē, tó'') has a different origin, since it is related to the Sanskrit demonstrative ''sa, sā'' and [[Latin]] ''is-tud''.<ref>{{LSJ|o(1|ὁ|shortref}}</ref>

Information that in English would be encoded with relative clauses could be represented with complex participles in Ancient Greek. This was made particularly expressive by the rich suite of participles available, with active and passive participles in present, past and future tenses. This is called [[Participle (Ancient Greek)#The attributive participle|the attributive participle]].