Editing Subjunctive mood (section)

====Romanian====
{{Main|Romanian verbs}}
Romanian is part of the [[Balkan Sprachbund]] and as such uses the subjunctive (''conjunctiv'') more extensively than other Romance languages. The subjunctive forms always include the [[Grammatical conjunction|conjunction]] ''să'', which within these verbal forms plays the role of a morphological structural element. The subjunctive has two tenses: the past tense and the present tense. It is usually used in subordinate clauses.

'''Present subjunctive'''

The present subjunctive is usually built in the 1st and 2nd person singular and plural by adding the conjunction ''să'' before the present indicative (indicative: ''am'' I have; conjunctive: ''să am'' (that) I have; indicative: ''vii'' you come; conjunctive: ''să vii'' (t/hat) you come). In the 3rd person most verbs have a specific conjunctive form which differs from the indicative either in the ending or in the stem itself; there is however no distinction between the singular and plural of the present conjunctive in the 3rd person (indicative: ''are'' he has; conjunctive: ''să aibă'' (that) he has; indicative: ''au'' they have; conjunctive: ''să aibă'' (that) they have; indicative: ''vine'' he comes; conjunctive: ''să vină'' (that) he comes; indicative: ''vin'' they come; conjunctive: ''să vină'' (that) they come).

The present tense is by far the most widely used of the two subjunctive tenses and is used frequently after verbs that express wish, preference, permission, possibility, request, advice, etc.: ''a vrea'' to want, ''a dori'' to wish, ''a prefera'' to prefer, ''a lăsa'' to let, to allow, ''a ruga'' to ask, ''a sfătui'' to advise, ''a sugera'' to suggest, ''a recomanda'' to recommend, ''a cere'' to demand, to ask for, ''a interzice'' to forbid, ''a permite'' to allow, to give permission, ''a se teme'' to be afraid, etc.

When used independently, the subjunctive indicates a desire, a fear, an order or a request, i.e. has [[Modal verb|modal]] and [[imperative mood|imperative]] values. The present subjunctive is used in questions having the modal value of ''should'':
* ''Să plec?'' Should I leave?
* ''Să mai stau?'' Should I stay longer?
* ''De ce să plece?'' Why should he/she leave?

The present subjunctive is often used as an imperative, mainly for other persons than the second person. When used with the second person, it is even stronger than the imperative. The first-person plural can be preceded by the interjection ''hai'', which intensifies the imperative meaning of the structure:
* ''Să mergem!'' Let us go! or ''Hai să mergem!'' Come on, let's go!
* ''Să plece imediat!'' I want him to leave immediately!
* ''Să-mi aduci un pahar de apă!'' Bring me a glass of water!

The subjunctive present is used in certain set phrases used as greetings in specific situations:
* ''Să creşti mare!'' (to a child, after he or she declared his or her age or thanked for something)
* ''Să ne (să-ţi, să vă) fie de bine!'' (to people who have finished their meals)
* ''Să-l (să o, să le etc.) porţi sănătos / sănătoasă!'' (when somebody shows up in new clothes, with new shoes)
* ''Dumnezeu să-l (s-o, să-i, să le) ierte!'' (after mentioning the name of a person who died recently)
'''Past subjunctive'''

The past tense of the subjunctive mood has one form for all persons and numbers of all the verbs, which is ''să fi'' followed by the [[past participle]] of the verb. The past subjunctive is used after the past optative-conditional of the verbs that require the subjunctive (''a trebui, a vrea, a putea, a fi bine, a fi necesar'', etc.), in constructions that express the necessity, the desire in the past:
* ''Ar fi trebuit să fi rămas acasă.'' You should have stayed home.
* ''Ar fi fost mai bine să mai fi stat.'' It would have been better if we had stayed longer.

When used independently, the past subjunctive indicates a regret related to a past-accomplished action that is seen as undesirable at the moment of speaking:
* ''Să fi rămas acasă'' We should have stayed at home. (Note: the same construction can be used for all persons and numbers.)<ref>[http://www.seelrc.org:8080/grammar/pdf/stand_alone_romanian.pdf Romanian Grammar] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20050512152034/http://www.seelrc.org:8080/grammar/pdf/stand_alone_romanian.pdf |date=2005-05-12 }} detailed guide of Romanian grammar and usage.</ref>