Editing Computer science (section)

====Concurrent, parallel and distributed computing====
{{main|Concurrency (computer science)|Distributed computing}}
Concurrency is a property of systems in which several computations are executing simultaneously, and potentially interacting with each other.<ref>Jiacun Wang, (2017). ''Real-Time Embedded Systems''. Wiley. p. 12. {{ISBN|978-1-119-42070-5}}.</ref> A number of mathematical models have been developed for general concurrent computation including [[Petri net]]s, [[process calculi]] and the [[parallel random access machine]] model.<ref>Gordana Dodig-Crnkovic; Raffaela Giovagnoli, (2013). ''Computing Nature: Turing Centenary Perspective''. Springer Science & Business Media. p. 247. {{ISBN|978-3-642-37225-4}}.</ref> When multiple computers are connected in a network while using concurrency, this is known as a distributed system. Computers within that distributed system have their own private memory, and information can be exchanged to achieve common goals.<ref>Simon Elias Bibri (2018). ''Smart Sustainable Cities of the Future: The Untapped Potential of Big Data Analytics and Context-Aware Computing for Advancing Sustainability''. Springer. p. 74. {{ISBN|978-3-319-73981-6}}.</ref>