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== Bibliography == {{refbegin}} {{divcol}} * {{cite book |editor-last=Whitelock |editor-first=Dorothy |editor-link=Dorothy Whitelock |year=1955 |title=English Historical Documents |volume=I: c. 500–1042 |place=London |publisher=[[Eyre & Spottiswoode]]}} === General === * {{cite book |last=Baker |first=Peter S. |title=Introduction to Old English |publisher=[[Blackwell Publishing]] |year=2003 |isbn=0-631-23454-3}} * Baugh, Albert C.; & Cable, Thomas. (1993). ''A History of the English Language'' (4th ed.). London: Routledge. * Blake, Norman (1992). ''The Cambridge History of the English Language: Vol. 2''. Cambridge University Press. * [[Alistair Campbell (academic)|Campbell, A.]] (1959). ''Old English Grammar''. Oxford: Clarendon. * {{cite book |last=Earle |first=John |title=A Book for the Beginner in Anglo-Saxon |publisher=Evolution |place=Bristol, PA |year=2005 |isbn=1-889758-69-8}} (Reissue of one of 4 eds. 1877–1902) * [[Wolfram Euler|Euler, Wolfram]] (2013). ''{{lang|de|Das Westgermanische: von der Herausbildung im 3. bis zur Aufgliederung im 7. Jahrhundert; Analyse und Rekonstruktion}}'' [West Germanic: from its Emergence in the 3rd up until its Dissolution in the 7th century CE: Analyses and Reconstruction]. 244 p., in German with English summary, London/Berlin 2013, {{ISBN|978-3-9812110-7-8}}. * {{cite book |last1=Fulk |first1=R. D. |title=An introductory grammar of Old English with an anthology of readings |date=2014 |publisher=ACMRS Press |location=Tempe, Arizona |isbn=978-0-86698-514-7}} * Hogg, Richard M. (ed.). (1992). ''The Cambridge History of the English Language: (Vol 1): the Beginnings to 1066''. Cambridge University Press. * Hogg, Richard; & Denison, David (eds.) (2006) ''A History of the English Language''. Cambridge University Press. * [[Jespersen, Otto]] (1909–1949) ''A Modern English Grammar on Historical Principles''. 7 vols. Heidelberg: C. Winter & Copenhagen: Ejnar Munksgaard * Lass, Roger (1987) ''[[The Shape of English: structure and history]]''. London: J. M. Dent & Sons * {{cite book |last=Lass |first=Roger |title=Old English: A historical linguistic companion |publisher=[[Cambridge University Press]] |year=1994 |isbn=0-521-43087-9}} * {{cite book |last=Magennis |first=Hugh |title=The Cambridge Introduction to Anglo-Saxon Literature |publisher=[[Cambridge University Press]] |year=2011}} * {{cite book |last=Millward |first=Celia |title=A Biography of the English Language |publisher=[[Harcourt Brace]] |year=1996 |isbn=0-15-501645-8}} * {{cite book |last1=Mitchell |first1=Bruce |last2=Robinson |first2=Fred C. |title=A Guide to Old English |edition=6th |place=Oxford |publisher=Blackwell |year=2001 |isbn=0-631-22636-2}} * Quirk, Randolph; & Wrenn, C. L. (1957). ''An Old English Grammar'' (2nd ed.) London: Methuen. * [[Donald Ringe|Ringe, Donald R.]] and Taylor, Ann (2014). ''The Development of Old English: A Linguistic History of English, vol. II'', {{ISBN|978-0199207848}}. Oxford. * Strang, Barbara M. H. (1970) ''A History of English''. London: Methuen. === External history === * {{cite book |last=Robinson |first=Orrin W. |author-link=Orrin W. Robinson (philologist) |title=Old English and Its Closest Relatives |publisher=[[Stanford University Press]] |year=1992 |isbn=0-8047-2221-8}} * Bremmer Jr, Rolf H. (2009). ''An Introduction to Old Frisian. History, Grammar, Reader, Glossary''. Amsterdam and Philadelphia: John Benjamins. * Stenton, F. M. (1971). ''Anglo-Saxon England'' (3rd ed.). Oxford: Clarendon. === Orthography and palaeography === * Bourcier, Georges. (1978). ''{{lang|fr|L'orthographie de l'anglais: Histoire et situation actuelle}}''. Paris: Presses universitaires de France. * [[Ralph Warren Victor Elliott|Elliott, Ralph W. V.]] (1959). ''Runes: An introduction''. Manchester University Press. * Keller, Wolfgang. (1906). ''Angelsächsische Paleographie, I: Einleitung''. Berlin: Mayer & Müller. * [[Neil Ker|Ker, N. R.]] (1957). ''A Catalogue of Manuscripts Containing Anglo-Saxon''. Oxford: Clarendon. * Ker, N. R. (1990) [1957]. ''A Catalogue of Manuscripts Containing Anglo-Saxon''; with supplement prepared by Neil Ker originally published in. ''Anglo-Saxon England''; 5, 1957. Oxford: Clarendon {{ISBN|0-19-811251-3}} * Page, R. I. (1973). ''[https://books.google.com/books?id=SgpriZdKin0C An Introduction to English Runes]''. London: Methuen. * Scragg, Donald G. (1974). ''A History of English Spelling''. Manchester University Press. * Shaw, Philip A. (2012). "Coins As Evidence". ''The Oxford Handbook of the History of English'', Chapter 3, pp. 50–52. Edited by Terttu Nevalainen and Elizabeth Closs Traugott. * Wełna, Jerzy (1986). "The Old English Digraph {{angle bracket|cg}} Again". ''Linguistics across Historical and Geographical Boundaries: Vol 1: Linguistic Theory and Historical Linguistics'', pp. 753–762. Edited by Dieter Kastovsky and Aleksander Szwedek. === Phonology === * Anderson, John M.; & Jones, Charles. (1977). ''Phonological structure and the history of English''. North-Holland linguistics series (No. 33). Amsterdam: North-Holland. * Brunner, Karl. (1965). ''{{lang|de|Altenglische Grammatik (nach der angelsächsischen Grammatik von Eduard Sievers neubearbeitet)}}'' (3rd ed.). Tübingen: Max Niemeyer. * Campbell, A. (1959). ''Old English Grammar''. Oxford: Clarendon. * [[Fausto Cercignani|Cercignani, Fausto]] (1983). "The Development of */k/ and */sk/ in Old English". ''Journal of English and Germanic Philology'', 82 (3): 313–323. * Girvan, Ritchie. (1931). ''Angelsaksisch Handboek''; E. L. Deuschle (transl.). (Oudgermaansche Handboeken; No. 4). Haarlem: Tjeenk Willink. * Halle, Morris; & Keyser, Samuel J. (1971). ''English Stress: its form, its growth, and its role in verse''. New York: Harper & Row. * {{Cite journal |last1=Hockett |first1=Charles F. |year=1959 |title=The stressed syllabics of Old English |jstor=410597 |journal=Language |volume=35 |issue=4 |pages=575–597|doi=10.2307/410597 }} * {{cite book |last1=Hogg |first1=Richard M. |title=A grammar of Old English. Volume 1, Phonology |date=2011 |isbn=978-1-4443-3933-8 |url=https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/book/10.1002/9781444341355?cookieSet=1 |publisher=Blackwell |location=Oxford |doi=10.1002/9781444341355}} * {{Cite journal |last1=Kuhn |first1=Sherman M. |year=1961 |title=On the Syllabic Phonemes of Old English |jstor=411354 |journal=Language |volume=37 |issue=4 |pages=522–538|doi=10.2307/411354 }} * Kuhn, Sherman M. (1970). "On the consonantal phonemes of Old English". In: J. L. Rosier (ed.) ''Philological Essays: studies in Old and Middle English language and literature in honour of Herbert Dean Merritt'' (pp. 16–49). The Hague: Mouton. * Lass, Roger; & Anderson, John M. (1975). ''Old English Phonology''. (Cambridge studies in linguistics; No. 14). Cambridge University Press. * Luick, Karl. (1914–1940). ''Historische Grammatik der englischen Sprache''. Stuttgart: [[Bernhard Tauchnitz]]. * {{Cite journal |last1=Maling |first1=J. |year=1971 |title=Sentence stress in Old English |jstor=4177642 |journal=Linguistic Inquiry |volume=2 |issue=3 |pages=379–400}} * {{Cite journal |doi=10.1017/S0022226700014699 |last1=McCully |first1=C. B. |last2=Hogg |first2=Richard M. |year=1990 |title=An account of Old English stress |journal=Journal of Linguistics |volume=26 |pages=315–339 |issue=2 |doi-broken-date=6 April 2025 |s2cid=144915239}} * Minkova, Donka (2014). ''A Historical Phonology of English.'' Edinburgh University Press. * Moulton, W. G. (1972). "The Proto-Germanic non-syllabics (consonants)". In: [[Frans Van Coetsem|F. van Coetsem]] & H. L. Kufner (Eds.), ''Toward a Grammar of Proto-Germanic'' (pp. 141–173). Tübingen: Max Niemeyer. * Sievers, Eduard (1893). ''{{lang|de|Altgermanische Metrik}}''. Halle: Max Niemeyer. * Wagner, Karl Heinz (1969). ''Generative Grammatical Studies in the Old English language''. Heidelberg: Julius Groos. === Morphology === * Brunner, Karl. (1965). ''{{lang|de|Altenglische Grammatik (nach der angelsächsischen Grammatik von Eduard Sievers neubearbeitet)}}'' (3rd ed.). Tübingen: Max Niemeyer. * Campbell, A. (1959). ''Old English grammar''. Oxford: Clarendon. * Wagner, Karl Heinz. (1969). ''Generative grammatical studies in the Old English language''. Heidelberg: Julius Groos. === Syntax === * Brunner, Karl. (1962). ''{{lang|de|Die englische Sprache: ihre geschichtliche Entwicklung}}'' (Vol. II). Tübingen: Max Niemeyer. * Kemenade, Ans van. (1982). ''Syntactic Case and Morphological Case in the History of English''. Dordrecht: Foris. * MacLaughlin, John C. (1983). ''Old English Syntax: a handbook''. Tübingen: Max Niemeyer. * Mitchell, Bruce. (1985). ''Old English Syntax'' (Vols. 1–2). Oxford: Clarendon (no more published) ** Vol. 1: Concord, the parts of speech and the sentence ** Vol. 2: Subordination, independent elements, and element order * Mitchell, Bruce. (1990) ''A Critical Bibliography of Old English Syntax to the end of 1984, including addenda and corrigenda to "Old English Syntax"''. Oxford: Blackwell * Timofeeva, Olga. (2010) ''Non-finite Constructions in Old English, with Special Reference to Syntactic Borrowing from Latin'', PhD dissertation, Mémoires de la Société Néophilologique de Helsinki, vol. LXXX, Helsinki: Société Néophilologique. * Traugott, Elizabeth Closs. (1972). ''A History of English Syntax: a transformational approach to the history of English sentence structure''. New York: Holt, Rinehart & Winston. * Visser, F. Th. (1963–1973). ''An Historical Syntax of the English Language'' (Vols. 1–3). Leiden: Brill. === Lexicons === * Bosworth, J.; & Toller, T. Northcote. (1898). ''[[An Anglo-Saxon Dictionary]]''. Oxford: Clarendon. (Based on Bosworth's 1838 dictionary, his papers & additions by Toller) * Toller, T. Northcote. (1921). ''An Anglo-Saxon Dictionary: Supplement''. Oxford: Clarendon. * Campbell, A. (1972). ''An Anglo-Saxon Dictionary: Enlarged addenda and corrigenda''. Oxford: Clarendon. * [[Clark Hall, J. R.]]; & Merritt, H. D. (1969). ''A Concise Anglo-Saxon Dictionary'' (4th ed.). Cambridge University Press. * Cameron, Angus, et al. (ed.) (1983) ''[[Dictionary of Old English]]''. Toronto: Published for the Dictionary of Old English Project, Centre for Medieval Studies, University of Toronto by the Pontifical Institute of Medieval Studies, 1983/1994. (Issued on microfiche and subsequently as a CD-ROM and on the [http://copac.ac.uk/search?rn=11&au=angus+cameron&ti=old+english+dictionary&sort-order=ti%2C%2Ddate World Wide Web].) {{divcol-end}} {{refend}}
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