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==References== {{Reflist|30em|refs= <ref name="ars">{{cite web | last = Paul | first = Ryan | title = A guided tour of the Microsoft Command Shell | url = https://arstechnica.com/business/news/2005/10/msh.ars/4 | website = Ars Technica | date = 24 October 2005 | access-date = 10 April 2011 }}</ref> <ref name="iana">{{cite web | url = https://www.iana.org/assignments/media-types/application/sql | title = Media Type registration for application/sql | publisher = [[Internet Assigned Numbers Authority]] | date = 10 April 2013 | access-date = 10 April 2013 | archive-date = 7 May 2013 | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20130507140101/http://www.iana.org/assignments/media-types/application/sql | url-status = live }}</ref> <ref name="application/sql">{{cite web | url = http://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc6922 | title = The application/sql Media Type, RFC 6922 | page = 3 | publisher = [[Internet Engineering Task Force]] | date = April 2013 | doi = 10.17487/RFC6922 | access-date = 10 April 2013 | last1 = Shafranovich | first1 = Y. | archive-date = 13 October 2014 | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20141013172428/http://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc6922 | url-status = live }}</ref> <ref name="learningSQL">{{ cite book | last = Beaulieu | first = Alan | title = Learning SQL | editor = Mary E Treseler | publisher = O'Reilly | location = Sebastopol, CA, USA | date = April 2009 | edition = 2nd | isbn = 978-0-596-52083-0 }}</ref> <ref name="codd-relational-model">{{ cite journal | last = Codd | first = Edgar F. | title = A Relational Model of Data for Large Shared Data Banks | journal = Communications of the ACM | volume = 13 | issue = 6 | pages = 377–87 | date = June 1970 | doi = 10.1145/362384.362685 | citeseerx = 10.1.1.88.646 | s2cid = 207549016 }}</ref> <ref name="SQL-Fundamentals">{{cite news | last = Chapple | first = Mike | title = SQL Fundamentals | work = Databases | publisher = About.com | url = http://databases.about.com/od/sql/a/sqlfundamentals.htm | access-date = 28 January 2009 | archive-date = 22 February 2009 | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20090222225300/http://databases.about.com/od/sql/a/sqlfundamentals.htm | url-status = dead }}</ref> <ref name="IBM-sql">{{cite web | title = Structured Query Language (SQL) | publisher = International Business Machines | url = http://publib.boulder.ibm.com/infocenter/db2luw/v9/index.jsp?topic=com.ibm.db2.udb.admin.doc/doc/c0004100.htm | date = 27 October 2006 | access-date = 10 June 2007 }}</ref> <ref name="ISO 9075:1987">{{cite web | url = https://www.iso.org/standard/16661.html | title = ISO 9075:1987: Information technology – Database languages – SQL – Part 1: Framework (SQL/Framework) | date = 1 June 1987 | access-date = 7 May 2019 | archive-date = 7 May 2019 | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20190507214157/https://www.iso.org/standard/16661.html | url-status = live }}</ref> <ref name="chamberlin-boyce-sequel">{{ cite journal | last1 = Chamberlin | first1 = Donald D | last2 = Boyce | first2 = Raymond F | title = SEQUEL: A Structured English Query Language | journal = Proceedings of the 1974 ACM SIGFIDET Workshop on Data Description, Access and Control | pages = 249–64 | publisher = Association for Computing Machinery | year = 1974 | url = http://www.almaden.ibm.com/cs/people/chamberlin/sequel-1974.pdf | access-date = 9 June 2007 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070926212100/http://www.almaden.ibm.com/cs/people/chamberlin/sequel-1974.pdf |archive-date=26 September 2007 |url-status=dead }}</ref> <ref name="oppel-databases">{{cite book | last = Oppel | first = Andy | title = Databases Demystified | publisher = McGraw-Hill Osborne Media | date = 27 February 2004 | location = [[San Francisco, CA]] | pages = 90–1 | url = http://www.mhprofessional.com/product.php?cat=112&isbn=0071469605 | isbn = 978-0-07-146960-9 | archive-date = 14 January 2012 | access-date = 12 May 2011 | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20120114180544/http://www.mhprofessional.com/product.php?cat=112&isbn=0071469605 | url-status = live }}</ref> <ref name="IBM-history">{{cite web | title = History of IBM, 1978 | work = IBM Archives | date = 23 January 2003 | publisher = IBM | url = http://www-03.ibm.com/ibm/history/history/year_1978.html | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20050117192541/http://www-03.ibm.com/ibm/history/history/year_1978.html | url-status = dead | archive-date = 17 January 2005 | access-date = 9 June 2007 }}</ref> <ref name="ANSI/ISO/IEC">ANSI/ISO/IEC International Standard (IS). Database Language SQL—Part 2: Foundation (SQL/Foundation). 1999.</ref> <ref name="PostgreSQL server programming">{{cite web | title = PostgreSQL server programming | work = PostgreSQL 9.1 official documentation | publisher = postgresql.org | year = 2011 | url = http://www.postgresql.org/docs/9.1/static/server-programming.html | access-date = 9 March 2012 | archive-date = 2 March 2012 | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20120302074948/http://www.postgresql.org/docs/9.1/static/server-programming.html | url-status = live }}</ref> <ref name="PROLE">{{cite web |url=http://lbd.udc.es/jornadas2011/actas/PROLE/PROLE/S5/13_article.pdf |title=Outer Joins in a Deductive Database System |author=Fernando Saenz-Perez |website=Lbd.udc.es |access-date=16 January 2017 |archive-date=9 August 2016 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160809225439/http://lbd.udc.es/jornadas2011/actas/PROLE/PROLE/S5/13_article.pdf |url-status=live }}</ref> <ref name="About PostgreSQL">{{cite web | title = About PostgreSQL | work = PostgreSQL 9.1 official website | publisher = PostgreSQL Global Development Group | year = 2012 | url = http://www.postgresql.org/about/ | quote = PostgreSQL prides itself in standards compliance. Its SQL implementation strongly conforms to the ANSI-SQL:2008 standard | access-date = 9 March 2012 | archive-date = 9 March 2012 | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20120309174528/http://www.postgresql.org/about/ | url-status = live }}</ref> <ref name="Mimer SQL, Built on Standards">{{cite web | title = Mimer SQL, Built on Standards | work = Mimer SQL official website | publisher = Mimer Information Technology | year = 2009 | url = http://developer.mimer.com/features/feature_6.htm | access-date = 11 December 2018 | archive-date = 3 May 2016 | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20160503020216/http://developer.mimer.com/features/feature_6.htm | url-status = live }}</ref> <ref name="Ora DATE">{{cite book | first1 = Diana | last1 = Lorentz | first2 = Mary Beth | last2 = Roeser | first3 = Sundeep | last3 = Abraham | first4 = Angela | last4 = Amor | first5 = Geeta | last5 = Arora | first6 = Vikas | last6 = Arora | first7 = Lance | last7 = Ashdown | first8 = Hermann | last8 = Baer | first9 = Shrikanth | last9 = Bellamkonda | series = Oracle Database Documentation Library | publisher = Oracle USA, Inc | place = Redwood City, CA | title = Oracle Database SQL Language Reference 11g Release 2 (11.2) | chapter = Basic Elements of Oracle SQL: Data Types | orig-year = 1996 | date = October 2010 | access-date = 29 December 2010 | chapter-url = http://download.oracle.com/docs/cd/E11882_01/server.112/e17118/sql_elements001.htm#sthref154 | quote = For each <code>DATE</code> value, Oracle stores the following information: century, year, month, date, hour, minute, and second | archive-date = 20 November 2010 | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20101120055711/http://download.oracle.com/docs/cd/E11882_01/server.112/e17118/sql_elements001.htm#sthref154 | url-status = live }}</ref> <ref name="Ora DATETIME">{{cite book | first1 = Diana | last1 = Lorentz | first2 = Mary Beth | last2 = Roeser | first3 = Sundeep | last3 = Abraham | first4 = Angela | last4 = Amor | first5 = Geeta | last5 = Arora | first6 = Vikas | last6 = Arora | first7 = Lance | last7 = Ashdown | first8 = Hermann | last8 = Baer | first9 = Shrikanth | last9 = Bellamkonda | series = Oracle Database Documentation Library | publisher = Oracle USA, Inc | place = Redwood City, CA | title = Oracle Database SQL Language Reference 11g Release 2 (11.2) | chapter = Basic Elements of Oracle SQL: Data Types | orig-year = 1996 | date = October 2010 | access-date = 29 December 2010 | chapter-url = http://download.oracle.com/docs/cd/E11882_01/server.112/e17118/sql_elements001.htm#sthref154 | quote = The datetime data types are <code>DATE</code>... | archive-date = 20 November 2010 | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20101120055711/http://download.oracle.com/docs/cd/E11882_01/server.112/e17118/sql_elements001.htm#sthref154 | url-status = live }}</ref> <ref name="Ora TIME">{{cite book | first1 = Diana | last1 = Lorentz | first2 = Mary Beth | last2 = Roeser | first3 = Sundeep | last3 = Abraham | first4 = Angela | last4 = Amor | first5 = Geeta | last5 = Arora | first6 = Vikas | last6 = Arora | first7 = Lance | last7 = Ashdown | first8 = Hermann | last8 = Baer | first9 = Shrikanth | last9 = Bellamkonda | series = Oracle Database Documentation Library | publisher = Oracle USA, Inc | place = Redwood City, CA | title = Oracle Database SQL Language Reference 11g Release 2 (11.2) | chapter = Basic Elements of Oracle SQL: Data Types | orig-year = 1996 | date = October 2010 | access-date = 29 December 2010 | chapter-url = http://download.oracle.com/docs/cd/E11882_01/server.112/e17118/sql_elements001.htm#i54335 | quote = Do not define columns with the following SQL/DS and DB2 data types, because they have no corresponding Oracle data type:... <code>TIME</code> | archive-date = 20 November 2010 | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20101120055711/http://download.oracle.com/docs/cd/E11882_01/server.112/e17118/sql_elements001.htm#i54335 | url-status = live }}</ref> <ref name="X3H2">{{cite book | chapter-url = http://special.lib.umn.edu/findaid/xml/cbi00168.xml | publisher = American National Standards Institute | title = X3H2 Records, 1978–95 | chapter = Finding Aid | archive-date = 19 June 2010 | access-date = 26 April 2008 | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20100619143221/http://special.lib.umn.edu/findaid/xml/cbi00168.xml | url-status = live }}</ref> <ref name="Doll">{{cite web | last = Doll | first = Shelley | title = Is SQL a Standard Anymore? | work = TechRepublic's Builder.com | publisher = TechRepublic | date = 19 June 2002 | url = http://articles.techrepublic.com.com/5100-10878_11-1046268.html | access-date = 12 April 2016 | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20120705163024/http://www.techrepublic.com/article/is-sql-a-standard-anymore/1046268 | archive-date = 5 July 2012 }}</ref> <ref name="Gillespie">{{cite web | last = Gillespie | first = Patrick | url = http://patorjk.com/blog/2012/01/26/pronouncing-sql-s-q-l-or-sequel/ | title = Pronouncing SQL: S-Q-L or Sequel? | access-date = 12 February 2012 | archive-date = 27 May 2012 | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20120527131959/http://patorjk.com/blog/2012/01/26/pronouncing-sql-s-q-l-or-sequel/ | url-status = live }}</ref> <ref name="Melton">{{cite book | title = Understanding the New SQL: A Complete Guide | last = Melton | first = Jim | author2 = Alan R Simon | year = 1993 | publisher = Morgan Kaufmann | isbn = 978-1-55860-245-8 | page = [https://archive.org/details/understandingnew00melt/page/536 536] | chapter = 1.2. What is SQL? | quote = SQL (correctly pronounced "ess cue ell," instead of the somewhat common "sequel")... | chapter-url-access = registration | chapter-url = https://archive.org/details/understandingnew00melt | url = https://archive.org/details/understandingnew00melt/page/536 }}</ref> <ref name="SQLXML2006">{{ cite book | title = SQL/XML:2006 - Evaluierung der Standardkonformität ausgewählter Datenbanksysteme | last = Wagner | first = Michael | year = 2010 | publisher = Diplomica Verlag | isbn = 978-3-8366-9609-8 | page = 100 }}</ref> <ref name="iablog.sybase.com-paulley">{{ cite web |date=July 2008 |title=SQL:2008 now an approved ISO international standard |publisher=Sybase |url=http://iablog.sybase.com/paulley/2008/07/sql2008-now-an-approved-iso-international-standard/ |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110628130925/http://iablog.sybase.com/paulley/2008/07/sql2008-now-an-approved-iso-international-standard/ |archive-date=28 June 2011 }}</ref> <ref name="Andrew">{{citation | url = http://www.contrib.andrew.cmu.edu/~shadow/sql/sql1992.txt | format = text | title = SQL:1992 draft | access-date = 8 October 2009 | archive-date = 21 June 2006 | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20060621035823/http://www.contrib.andrew.cmu.edu/%7Eshadow/sql/sql1992.txt | url-status = live }}</ref> <ref name="Whitemarsh2">{{ citation | url = https://www.wiscorp.com/sql20nn.zip | format = Zip | title = SQL:2011 draft | publisher = Whitemarsh Information Systems Corporation | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20230525220603/https://www.wiscorp.com/sql20nn.zip | archive-date = 25 May 2023 }}</ref> <ref name="features_2011">{{ cite web | title = What's new in SQL:2011 | url = https://sigmodrecord.org/publications/sigmodRecord/1203/pdfs/10.industry.zemke.pdf | author = Fred Zemke |publisher=Oracle Corporation | year = 2012 }}</ref> <ref name="feature_temporal">{{ cite journal | title = Temporal features in SQL:2011 | url = http://cs.ulb.ac.be/public/_media/teaching/infoh415/tempfeaturessql2011.pdf | author = Krishna Kulkarni, Jan-Eike Michels |journal=SIGMOD Record | date = September 2012 |volume=41 |number=3 }}</ref> }}
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