Editing Sexual dysfunction (section)

===Males===
Several decades ago, the medical community believed most sexual dysfunction cases were related to psychological issues.  Although this may be true for a portion of men, the vast majority of cases have now been identified to have a physical cause or a correlation.<ref>{{cite journal | vauthors = Jarow JP, Nana-Sinkam P, Sabbagh M, Eskew A | title = Outcome analysis of goal directed therapy for impotence | journal = The Journal of Urology | volume = 155 | issue = 5 | pages = 1609–1612 | date = May 1996 | pmid = 8627834 | doi = 10.1016/s0022-5347(01)66142-1 }}</ref> If the sexual dysfunction is deemed to have a psychological component or cause, [[psychotherapy]] can help. Situational anxiety arises from an earlier bad incident or lack of experience, and often leads to development of fear towards sexual activity and avoidance which enters a cycle of increased anxiety and [[Desensitization (medicine)|desensitization]] of the penis. In some cases, erectile dysfunction may be due to marital disharmony. Marriage [[Relationship counseling|counseling]] sessions are recommended in this situation.

Lifestyle changes such as discontinuing [[tobacco smoking]] or substance use can also treat some types of ED.<ref>Merck Sharpe & Dohme. [http://www.merck.com/pubs/mmanual_ha/sec3/ch59/ch59a.html "Male genital and sexual disorders"] 2010-02-18.</ref> Several oral medications like [[Sildenafil|Viagra]], [[Tadalafil|Cialis]], and [[Vardenafil|Levitra]] have become available to alleviate ED and have become first line therapy. These medications provide an easy, safe, and effective treatment solution for approximately 60% of men. In the rest, the medications may not work because of wrong diagnosis or [[chronic (medicine)|chronic]] history.{{Citation needed|date=September 2021}}

Another type of medication that is effective in roughly 85% of men is called intracavernous pharmacotherapy, which involves injecting a vasodilator drug directly into the penis to stimulate an erection.<ref>{{cite journal | vauthors = Rodríguez Vela L, Moncada Iribarren I, Gonzalvo Ibarra A, Sáenz de Tejada y Gorman I | title = [Treatment of erectile dysfunction using intracavernous pharmacotherapy] | journal = Actas Urologicas Espanolas | volume = 22 | issue = 4 | pages = 291–319 | date = April 1998 | pmid = 9658642 | author4 = Sáenz de Tejada y Gorman I }}</ref> This method has an increased risk of priapism if used in conjunction with other treatments, and localized pain.<ref name=Diaz />

[[Premature ejaculation]]s are treated by behavioural techniques Squeeze technique and Stop Start Technique. In Squeeze technique the area between head and shaft of penis is pressed using index finger and thumb just before ejaculation. In Stop Start Technique the male partner stops having sexual intercourse just before ejaculation and waits for the sense of ejaculation to pass away. Both Techniques are repeated many times.<ref>{{Cite book | vauthors = Jannini EA, McMahon CG, Waldinger MD |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=iCXF3sWtgegC |title=Premature Ejaculation: From Etiology to Diagnosis and Treatment |date=2012-08-31 |publisher=Springer Science & Business Media |isbn=978-88-470-2646-9 |language=en}}</ref>

When conservative therapies fail, are an unsatisfactory treatment option, or are contraindicated for use, the insertion of a [[penile implant]] may be selected by the patient. Technological advances have made the insertion of a penile implant a safe option for the treatment of ED, which provides the highest patient and partner satisfaction rates of all available ED treatment options.<ref>{{cite journal | vauthors = Rajpurkar A, Dhabuwala CB | title = Comparison of satisfaction rates and erectile function in patients treated with sildenafil, intracavernous prostaglandin E1 and penile implant surgery for erectile dysfunction in urology practice | journal = The Journal of Urology | volume = 170 | issue = 1 | pages = 159–163 | date = July 2003 | pmid = 12796670 | doi = 10.1097/01.ju.0000072524.82345.6d }}</ref>

Pelvic floor physical therapy has been shown to be a valid treatment for men with sexual problems and pelvic pain.<ref>{{Cite web | url=http://www.healpelvicpain.com/about-book | title=About Book &#124; Heal Pelvic Pain | access-date=2016-08-31 | archive-date=2019-04-26 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190426072541/http://www.healpelvicpain.com/about-book | url-status=dead }}</ref>

The 2020 guidelines from the [[American College of Physicians]] support the discussion of [[testosterone (medication)|testosterone]] treatment in adult men with age-related [[Low T|low levels of testosterone]] who have sexual dysfunction. They recommend yearly evaluation regarding possible improvement and, if none, to discontinue testosterone; intramuscular treatments should be considered rather than transdermal treatments due to costs and since the effectiveness and harm of either method is similar. Testosterone treatment for reasons other than possible improvement of sexual dysfunction may not be recommended.<ref name="ANN-20200106">{{cite journal | vauthors = Qaseem A, Horwitch CA, Vijan S, Etxeandia-Ikobaltzeta I, Kansagara D, Forciea MA, Crandall C, Fitterman N, Hicks LA, Lin JS, Maroto M, McLean RM, Mustafa RA, Tufte J | display-authors = 6 | title = Testosterone Treatment in Adult Men With Age-Related Low Testosterone: A Clinical Guideline From the American College of Physicians | journal = Annals of Internal Medicine | volume = 172 | issue = 2 | pages = 126–133 | date = January 2020 | pmid = 31905405 | doi = 10.7326/M19-0882 | doi-access = free }}</ref><ref name="MSCP-20200107">{{cite news | vauthors = Parry NM |title=New Guideline for Testosterone Treatment in Men With 'Low T' |url=https://www.medscape.com/viewarticle/923449 |date=7 January 2020 |work=Medscape.com |access-date=7 January 2020 }}</ref>