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===Technological utopianism=== {{main|Technological utopianism}} Technological utopianism refers to the belief that technological development is a [[moral good]], which can and should bring about a [[utopia]], that is, a society in which laws, governments, and social conditions serve the needs of all its citizens.<ref>{{Cite book |last=Segal |first=H. P. |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=n6RabZ8t48gC |title=Technological Utopianism in American Culture|edition=20th Anniversary|year=2005 |publisher=Syracuse University Press |isbn=978-0815630616 |access-date=11 September 2022 |archive-date=4 October 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221004185317/https://books.google.com/books?id=n6RabZ8t48gC |url-status=live }}</ref> Examples of techno-utopian goals include [[post-scarcity economics]], [[life extension]], [[mind uploading]], [[cryonics]], and the creation of artificial [[superintelligence]]. Major techno-utopian movements include [[transhumanism]] and [[singularitarianism]]. The transhumanism movement is founded upon the "continued evolution of human life beyond its current human form" through science and technology, informed by "life-promoting principles and values."<ref>{{Cite book |chapter=Roots and Core Themes |date=29 April 2013 |chapter-url=https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1002/9781118555927.part1 |title=The Transhumanist Reader |pages=1β2 |editor-last=More |editor-first=M. |editor-link=Max More |edition= |publisher=Wiley |doi=10.1002/9781118555927.part1 |isbn=978-1118334294 |access-date=11 September 2022 |editor2-last=Vita-More |editor2-first=N. |editor2-link=Natasha Vita-More |archive-date=11 September 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220911102725/https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1002/9781118555927.part1 |url-status=live }}</ref> The movement gained wider popularity in the early 21st century.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Istvan |first=Zoltan |date=1 February 2015 |title=A New Generation of Transhumanists Is Emerging |url=https://www.interaliamag.org/articles/a-new-generation-of-transhumanists-is-emerging/ |access-date=11 September 2022 |website=Interalia Magazine |archive-date=11 September 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220911102727/https://www.interaliamag.org/articles/a-new-generation-of-transhumanists-is-emerging/ |url-status=live }}</ref> [[Technological singularity|Singularitarians]] believe that machine superintelligence will "accelerate technological progress" by orders of magnitude and "create even more intelligent entities ever faster", which may lead to a pace of societal and technological change that is "incomprehensible" to us. This ''event horizon'' is known as the [[technological singularity]].<ref>{{Cite book |chapter=Future Trajectories: Singularity |date=29 April 2013 |chapter-url=https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1002/9781118555927.part8 |title=The Transhumanist Reader |pages=361β363 |editor-last=More |editor-first=M. |edition= |publisher=Wiley |doi=10.1002/9781118555927.part8 |isbn=978-1118334294 |access-date=11 September 2022 |editor2-last=Vita-More |editor2-first=N. |archive-date=11 September 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220911110449/https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1002/9781118555927.part8 |url-status=live}}</ref> Major figures of techno-utopianism include [[Ray Kurzweil]] and [[Nick Bostrom]]. Techno-utopianism has attracted both praise and criticism from progressive, religious, and conservative thinkers.<ref>{{Cite book |last1=Blackford |first1=R. |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=2XinlAEACAAJ |title=HΒ±: Transhumanism and Its Critics |last2=Bostrom |first2=N. |last3=Dupuy |first3=J.-P. |date=2011 |publisher=Metanexus Institute |isbn=978-1456815653 |access-date=13 September 2022 |archive-date=4 October 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221004185317/https://books.google.com/books?id=2XinlAEACAAJ |url-status=live }}</ref>
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