Editing Cachexia (section)

=== Supplements ===
The use of certain amino acids may slow muscle breakdown by providing the body with the building blocks needed for metabolism of muscle and glucose. Specifically, [[leucine]] and [[valine]] may block muscle breakdown.<ref>{{cite journal | vauthors = Eley HL, Russell ST, Tisdale MJ | title = Effect of branched-chain amino acids on muscle atrophy in cancer cachexia | journal = The Biochemical Journal | volume = 407 | issue = 1 | pages = 113–20 | date = October 2007 | pmid = 17623010 | pmc = 2267397 | doi = 10.1042/BJ20070651 }}</ref> [[Glutamine]] is used in oral supplements for people with advanced cancer<ref name="May">{{cite journal | vauthors = May PE, Barber A, D'Olimpio JT, Hourihane A, Abumrad NN |author5-link=Naji Abumrad | title = Reversal of cancer-related wasting using oral supplementation with a combination of beta-hydroxy-beta-methylbutyrate, arginine, and glutamine | journal = American Journal of Surgery | volume = 183 | issue = 4 | pages = 471–9 | date = April 2002 | pmid = 11975938 | doi = 10.1016/s0002-9610(02)00823-1 }}</ref> or [[HIV/AIDS]].<ref name="WebMD">{{cite web|title=Glutamine|url=http://www.webmd.com/vitamins-supplements/ingredientmono-878-glutamine.aspx?activeingredientid=878&activeingredientname=glutamine|website=WebMD|publisher=WebMD, LLC|access-date=2015-03-15}}</ref>

[[β-hydroxy β-methylbutyrate]] (HMB) is a molecule that comes from leucine that promotes muscle growth. Studies show positive results for chronic pulmonary disease, hip fracture, and in AIDS-related and cancer-related cachexia. However, it is often studied along with other nutrients, making it difficult to assess its effects alone.<ref>{{cite journal | vauthors = Brioche T, Pagano AF, Py G, Chopard A | title = Muscle wasting and aging: Experimental models, fatty infiltrations, and prevention | journal = Molecular Aspects of Medicine | volume = 50 | pages = 56–87 | date = August 2016 | pmid = 27106402 | doi = 10.1016/j.mam.2016.04.006 | s2cid = 29717535 | url = https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-01837630/file/2016_Brioche_MAM_1.pdf }}</ref><ref>{{cite journal | vauthors = Holeček M | title = Beta-hydroxy-beta-methylbutyrate supplementation and skeletal muscle in healthy and muscle-wasting conditions | journal = Journal of Cachexia, Sarcopenia and Muscle | volume = 8 | issue = 4 | pages = 529–541 | date = August 2017 | pmid = 28493406 | pmc = 5566641 | doi = 10.1002/jcsm.12208 }}</ref>

[[Creatine]] supplementation may help reduce muscle wasting, though more research is needed.<ref>{{cite journal | vauthors = Lulu W, Ranran W, Kai L, Xiaolu J, Li L | title = Creatine modulates cellular energy metabolism and protects against cancer cachexia-associated muscle wasting | journal = Frontiers in Pharmacology | date = 7 December 2022  | volume = 13 | pmid = 36569317 | doi = 10.3389/fphar.2022.1086662 | doi-access = free | pmc = 9767983 }}</ref>