Editing Ellipsis (section)

==Computer representations==
In [[computing]], several ellipsis [[character (computing)|characters]] have been codified.

===Unicode===

[[Unicode]] defines the following ellipsis characters:

* {{unichar|2026}}
* {{unichar|0EAF}}
* {{unichar|1801}}
* {{unichar|0E2F}}
* {{unichar|22EE}}
* {{unichar|22EF}}
* {{unichar|22F0}}
* {{unichar|22F1}}
* {{unichar|FE19}}

Unicode recognizes a series of three [[full stop|period]] characters ({{unichar|002E}}) as [[Unicode equivalence|compatibility equivalent]] (though not canonical) to the horizontal ellipsis character.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.unicode.org/Public/UNIDATA/UnicodeData.txt |title=Unicode Data |quote=2026;HORIZONTAL ELLIPSIS;Po;0;ON;&lt;compat> 002E 002E 002E;;;;N;;;;; }}</ref>

===HTML===

In [[HTML]], the horizontal ellipsis character may be represented by the entity reference <code>&amp;hellip;</code> (since HTML 4.0), and the vertical ellipsis character by the entity reference <code>&amp;vellip;</code> (since HTML 5.0).<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.w3.org/TR/2011/WD-html5-20110113/named-character-references.html#entity-vellip |title=W3C Working Draft: HTML5: 8.5 Named character references |year=2011 |access-date=2012-11-08 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121123052235/http://www.w3.org/TR/2011/WD-html5-20110113/named-character-references.html#entity-vellip |archive-date=2012-11-23 |url-status=live }}</ref> Alternatively, in HTML, [[XML]], and [[SGML]], a [[numeric character reference]] such as <code>&amp;#x2026;</code> or <code>&amp;#8230;</code> can be used.

===TeX===

In the [[TeX]] typesetting system, the following types of ellipsis are available:
{| class="wikitable"
! Name !! Glyph !! TeX markup
|-
| Lower ellipsis
| style="text-align:center; vertical-align:bottom;"| <math>\ldots</math>
| <code>\ldots</code>
|-
| Centred ellipsis
| style="text-align:center;"| <math>\cdots</math>
| <code>\cdots</code>
|-
| Diagonal ellipsis
| style="text-align:center;"| <math>\ddots</math>
| <code>\ddots</code>
|-
| Vertical ellipsis
| style="text-align:center;"| <math>\vdots</math>
| <code>\vdots</code>
|}

In [[LaTeX]], the reverse orientation of <code>\ddots</code> can be achieved with <code>\reflectbox</code> provided by the <code>graphicx</code> package: <code>\reflectbox{\ddots}</code> yields [[File:Iddots black.svg|18px]].

With the <code>amsmath</code> package from [[AMS-Latex|AMS-LaTeX]], more specific ellipses are provided for math mode.<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20180619212427/ftp://ftp.ams.org/pub/tex/doc/amsmath/amsldoc.pdf ''User's Guide for the <code>amsmath</code> Package'']. American Mathematical Society, 1999, p. 12.</ref>
{| class="wikitable"
|-
! Markup !! Usage || Example || Output
|-
| <code>\dotsc</code> || dots with commas || <code>1, 2, \dotsc , 9</code> || <math>1, 2, \dotsc , 9</math>
|-
| <code>\dotsb</code> || dots with binary operators/relations || <code>1 + 2 + \dotsb + 9</code> || <math>1 + 2 + \dotsb + 9</math>
|-
| <code>\dotsm</code> || dots with multiplication || <code>A_1 A_2 \dotsm A_9</code> || <math>A_1 A_2 \dotsm A_9</math>
|-
| <code>\dotsi</code> || dots with integrals || <syntaxhighlight lang="tex" inline>\int_{A_1}\int_{A_2}\dotsi\int_{A_9}</syntaxhighlight> || <math>\int_{A_1}\int_{A_2}\dotsi\int_{A_9}</math>
|-
| <code>\dotso</code> || other dots || <code>123 \dotso 9</code> || <math>123 \dotso 9</math>
|}

===Other===

The horizontal ellipsis character also appears in older character maps:

* in [[Windows code page|Windows-1250—Windows-1258]] and in IBM/MS-DOS [[Code page 874]], at [[code point|code]] 85 (hexadecimal)
* in [[Mac-Roman encoding|Mac-Roman]], [[Macintosh Central European encoding|Mac-CentEuro]] and several other Macintosh encodings<!-- surely, in MacCyrillic, but I am not willing to check how many Mac CPs have … at this code point --Incnis Mrsi -->, at code C9 (hexadecimal)
* in [[Ventura International encoding]] at code C1 (hexadecimal)

Note that [[ISO/IEC 8859]] encoding series provides no code point for ellipsis.

As with all characters, especially those outside the [[ASCII]] range, the author, sender and receiver of an encoded ellipsis must be in agreement upon what bytes are being used to represent the character. Naive text processing software may improperly assume that a particular encoding is being used, resulting in [[mojibake]].

===Input===
In Windows using a suitable code page, {{unichar|2026}} can be inserted with {{key press|Alt|0}}{{key press|1}}{{key press|3}}{{key press|3}}, using the numeric keypad.

In macOS, it can be inserted with {{key press|Opt|;}} (on an English language keyboard).

In some Linux distributions, it can be inserted with {{key press|AltGr|.}} (this produces an [[interpunct]] on other systems), or {{key press|[[Compose key|Compose]]|.|.|chain=}}.

In Android, ellipsis is a long-press key. If [[Gboard]] is in alphanumeric layout, change to numeric and special characters layout by pressing {{key press|?123}} from alphanumeric layout. Once in numeric and special characters layout, long press {{key press|.}} key to insert an ellipsis. This is a single symbol without spaces in between the three dots ( {{key press|…}} ).

In [[Chinese language|Chinese]] and sometimes in [[Japanese language|Japanese]], ellipsis characters are made by entering two consecutive ''horizontal ellipses'', each with [[Unicode]] code point U+2026. In vertical texts, the application should rotate the symbol accordingly.