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Hall effect sensor
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=== Hall-effect thruster === {{Main article|Hall-effect thruster}} A [[Hall-effect thruster]] (HET) is a device that is used to propel some [[spacecraft]], after it gets into [[orbit]] or farther out into space. In the HET, [[Atom|atoms]] are [[Ionization|ionized]] and accelerated by an [[electric field]]. A radial magnetic field established by magnets on the thruster is used to trap [[Electron|electrons]] which then orbit and create an [[electric field]] due to the Hall effect. A large potential is established between the end of the thruster where neutral propellant is fed, and the part where electrons are produced; so, electrons trapped in the magnetic field cannot drop to the lower potential. They are thus extremely energetic, which means that they can ionize neutral atoms. Neutral propellant is pumped into the chamber and is ionized by the trapped electrons. Positive ions and electrons are then ejected from the thruster as a quasineutral [[Plasma (physics)|plasma]], creating thrust. The thrust produced is extremely small, with a very low mass flow rate and a very high effective exhaust velocity/specific impulse. This is achieved at the cost of very high electrical power requirements, on the order of 4 kW for a few hundred millinewtons of thrust.
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