Editing Master of Science (section)

==Netherlands==
Like all EU member states, the Netherlands follows the Bologna Process. In the past graduates of applied universities (HBO) were excluded from using titles such as MSc, as HBO institutions are formally not universities but polytechnic institutions of higher education. However, since 2014 academic titles are granted to any university graduate.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.onderwijsconsument.nl/welke-titel-mag-ik-na-mijn-studie-gebruiken/|title = Welke titel mag ik na mijn studie gebruiken?|website=Onderwijsconsument.nl|date=12 December 2021}}</ref>

However, older academic titles used in the Netherlands are:
* ''ingenieur'' (abbreviated as ir.) (for graduates who followed a technical or agricultural program)
* ''meester'' (abbreviated as mr.) (for graduates who followed an LLM law program)
* ''doctorandus'' (abbreviated as drs.) (in all other cases).

The bearers of these titles can use either the older title, of MSc, LL.M or MA but not both for the same field of study.