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Nzinga of Ndongo and Matamba
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==Legacy== [[File:Nzingambande.jpg|thumb|right|Statue in [[Luanda]], [[Angola]]]] Today, she is remembered in Angola as the Mother of Angola, the fighter of negotiations, and the protector of her people. She is still honored throughout Africa as a remarkable leader and woman, for her political and diplomatic acumen, as well as her brilliant [[military tactics]].<ref name="nyt-elliott-hughes-2019" /> Accounts of her life are often romanticized, and she is considered a symbol of the fight against oppression.<ref name=":02">{{Cite book|last=Bleys|first=Rudi C.|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=9-Q8DAAAQBAJ&q=chibados&pg=PA33|title=The Geography of Perversion: Male-to-Male Sexual Behavior Outside the West and the Ethnographic Imagination, 1750–1918|publisher=New York University Press|year=1995|isbn=9780814712658}}</ref> Nzingha ultimately managed to shape her state into a form that tolerated her authority, though surely the fact that she survived all attacks on her and built up a strong base of loyal supporters helped as much as the relevance of the precedents she cited. While Njinga had obviously not overcome the idea that females could not rule in Ndongo during her lifetime, and had to 'become a male' to retain power, her female successors faced little problem in being accepted as rulers.<ref name=":5" /> The clever use of her gender and her political understandings helped lay a foundation for future leaders of Ndongo today. In the period of 104 years that followed Njinga's death in 1663, queens ruled for at least eighty of them. Nzingha is a leadership role model for all generations of Angolan women. Women in Angola today display remarkable social independence and are found in the country's army, police force, government, and public and private economic sectors.<ref name=":5" /> Nzingha was embraced as a symbol of the People's Movement for the Liberation of Angola during civil war.<ref name=":3" /> A major street in [[Luanda]] is named after her, and a statue of her was placed in Kinaxixi on an impressive square in 2002,<ref name="nyt-elliott-hughes-2019" /> dedicated by President [[José Eduardo dos Santos|Santos]] to celebrate the 27th anniversary of independence.{{Cn|date=January 2025}} The statue was praised by historian [[Scholastique Dianzinga]] for increasing the rperesentation of women on public monuments.<ref>{{Cite book |last=Badawi |first=Zeinab |url=https://www.google.co.uk/books/edition/An_African_History_of_Africa/7PzLEAAAQBAJ?hl=en&gbpv=1&dq=Scholastique+Dianzinga&pg=PT237&printsec=frontcover |title=An African History of Africa: Instant Sunday Times bestseller and shortlisted for the Nero Book Awards |date=2024-04-18 |publisher=Ebury Publishing |isbn=978-0-7535-6015-0 |language=en}}</ref> Angolan women are often married near the statue, especially on Thursdays and Fridays.{{Cn|date=January 2025}} On 23 December 2014, the National Reserve Bank of Angola (BNA) issued a 20 Kwanza coin in tribute to Nzingha "in recognition of her role to defend self-determination and cultural identity of her people."<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.highbeam.com/doc/1G1-395099604.html|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160911012552/https://www.highbeam.com/doc/1G1-395099604.html|url-status=dead|archive-date=11 September 2016|title=Angola to Launch New Kwanza Coins in 2015|date=26 December 2014|work=Mena Report|url-access=subscription |access-date=26 June 2016|via=HighBeam Research}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|access-date=13 April 2021|url=http://www.bna.ao:80/Conteudos/Artigos/detalhe_artigo.aspx?idc=139&idsc=266&idl=1&idi=14206|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141230103617/http://www.bna.ao/Conteudos/Artigos/detalhe_artigo.aspx?idc=139&idsc=266&idl=1&idi=14206|url-status=live|archive-date=30 December 2014|title=Lançamento da moeda de 20 Kwanzas (Launch of 20 Kwanza coin)|date=22 December 2014}}</ref> An Angolan film, ''[[Njinga: Queen Of Angola]]'' (Portuguese: ''Njinga, Rainha de Angola''), was released in 2013.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.filmafrica.org.uk/njingha-queen-of-angola-njinga-rainha-de-angola-uk-premiere/|title=Njinga, Queen of Angola (Njinga, Rainha de Angola) UK Premiere|date=6 November 2014|website=Royal African Society's Annual Film Festival|access-date=23 June 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160812130257/http://www.filmafrica.org.uk/njingha-queen-of-angola-njinga-rainha-de-angola-uk-premiere/|archive-date=12 August 2016|url-status=live}}</ref> A [[Starz]] series, ''Queen Nzinga'', is in development with [[Yetide Badaki]] as the titular character and [[50 Cent]], [[Steven S. DeKnight]] and Mo Abundu as producers.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://deadline.com/2021/12/queen-nzinga-yetide-badaki-starz-50-cent-1234892198/|title=Yetide Badaki To Star In African Warrior Queen Nzinga Drama Series In The Works At Starz From 50 Cent, Mo Abudu & Steven S. DeKnight|date=17 December 2021|website=[[Deadline Hollywood|Deadline]]|access-date=16 December 2021}}</ref> Nzinga (referred to as Nzinga Mbande) leads the [[Kingdom of Kongo|Kongolese]] civilization in the 2016 [[4X]] video game ''[[Civilization VI]]'', since the release of ''Great Negotiators'' on 21 November 2022, as part of the DLC "Leader Pass". The 2023 [[List of Netflix original programming#Docuseries|Netflix]] [[docudrama]] ''[[African Queens (TV series)|African Queens: Njinga]]'' chronicles her life, dramatized through [[historical reenactment]].<ref>{{cite web | url=https://www.netflix.com/title/81650731 | title=Watch African Queens: Njinga | Netflix Official Site | website=[[Netflix]] }}</ref><ref>{{cite web | url=https://www.imdb.com/title/tt15305648/ | title=African Queens: Njinga (TV Series 2023– ) – IMDb | website=[[IMDb]] }}</ref><ref>{{cite web | url=https://time.com/6256012/african-queens-njinga-true-story/ | title=The Story Behind the Netflix Series African Queens: Njinga | date=15 February 2023 }}</ref>
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