Editing Sleep paralysis (section)

==== Newfoundland ====
In [[Newfoundland and Labrador|Newfoundland]], which is in eastern Canada, sleep paralysis is referred to as the Old Hag,<ref name=":8" /><ref>{{cite book|title=Hag (noun)|publisher=University of Toronto Press|others=W. J. Kirwin and J.D.A Widdowson|year=1990|editor-last=Story|editor-first=George|location=Toronto}}</ref> and victims of a ''hagging'' are said to be ''hag-ridden'' upon awakening.<ref>{{cite journal|last=Hufford|first=David|date=2005|title=Sleep Paralysis as Spiritual Experience|journal=Transcultural Psychiatry|volume=42|issue=1|pages=11–45|doi=10.1177/1363461505050709|pmid=15881267|s2cid=8400951}}</ref> Victims report being completely conscious, but unable to speak or move, and report a person or an animal which sits upon their chest.<ref name=":9">{{cite journal|last=Ness|first=Robert|date=1978|title=The old hag phenomenon as sleep paralysis: A biocultural interpretation|journal=Culture, Medicine and Psychiatry|volume=2|issue=1|pages=15–39|doi=10.1007/BF00052448|pmid=699620|s2cid=1613137}}</ref> Despite the name, the attacker can be either male or female.<ref>{{cite book|last=Hufford|first=David|title=Out of the Ordinary: Folklore and the Supernatural|publisher=University Press of Colorado|year=1995|editor-last=Walker|editor-first=Barbara|pages=11–45|chapter=Beings Without Bodies: An Experience-Centered Theory of the Belief in Spirits}}</ref> Some suggested cures or preventions for the Old Hag include sleeping with a Bible under the pillow,<ref name=":9" /> calling the sleeper's name backwards<ref>{{cite web|last=Rieti|first=Barbara|date=1989|title=The Black Heart in Newfoundland: The Magic of the Book|url=http://collections.mun.ca/cdm/ref/collection/cult_trad/id/3233|access-date=2020-06-25|website=Culture and Tradition Volume 13}}</ref> or in an extreme example, sleeping with a shingle or board embedded with nails strapped to the chest.<ref>{{cite journal|date=1896|title=Superstitions in Newfoundland|journal=The Journal of American Folklore|volume=9|issue=34|pages=222–223|doi=10.2307/533410|jstor=533410}}</ref> This object was called a Hag Board.<ref>{{cite journal|last=Guy|first=Ray|date=2010|title=That Old Nonsense|url=http://collections.mun.ca/cdm/compoundobject/collection/quarterly/id/40813/rec/65|journal=The Newfoundland Quarterly|volume=103|issue=2|pages=12–13}}</ref> The Old Hag is well-enough known in the province to be a pop culture figure, appearing in films and plays<ref>{{cite news|date=19 March 2018|title=Gordon Pinsent explores depression with short film Martin's Hagge|work=CBC.ca|url=https://www.cbc.ca/news/canada/newfoundland-labrador/martins-hagge-gordon-pinsent-1.4582725|access-date=27 June 2020}}</ref> as well as in crafted objects.<ref>{{cite journal|last=Jarvis|first=Dale Gilbert|date=October 2018|title=Exploring Folklore Through Craft with Janet Peter|url=https://www.mun.ca/ich/resources/ICH_Case_Study_001__Janet_Peter_WEB2.pdf|journal=Living Heritage Economy Case Study|volume=001}}</ref>