Editing Computer mouse (section)

=== Ergonomic mice ===
{{Multiple image
| image1            = Delux M618 vertical mouse.jpg
| caption1          = A vertical mouse
| image2            = Thumb type trackballs.jpg
| caption2          = Two thumb-type [[trackball]] mice
}}
As the name suggests, this type of mouse is intended to provide optimum comfort and avoid injuries such as [[carpal tunnel syndrome]], [[arthritis]], and other [[repetitive strain injury|repetitive strain injuries]]. It is designed to fit natural hand position and movements, to reduce discomfort.

When holding a typical mouse, the [[ulna]] and [[radius (bone)|radius]] bones on the [[arm]] are crossed. Some designs attempt to place the palm more vertically, so the bones take more natural parallel position.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://evoluent.com/products/vm4r/ |title=Evoluent VerticalMouse Vertical Mouse ergonomic mouse ergonomic computer mouse carpal tunnel syndrome repetitive stress disorder RSI |work=evoluent.com}}</ref>

Increasing mouse height and angling the mouse topcase can improve wrist posture without negatively affecting performance.<ref>{{Cite journal |last1=Odell |first1=Dan |last2=Johnson |first2=Peter |date=2015 |title=Evaluation of flat, angled, and vertical computer mice and their effects on wrist posture, pointing performance, and preference |url=https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/26444940/ |journal=Work (Reading, Mass.) |volume=52 |issue=2 |pages=245–253 |doi=10.3233/WOR-152167 |issn=1875-9270 |pmid=26444940}}</ref> Some limit wrist movement, encouraging arm movement instead, that may be less precise but more optimal from the health point of view. A mouse may be angled from the thumb downward to the opposite side – this is known to reduce wrist pronation.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.ergocanada.com/detailed_specification_pages/hippus_nv_handshoe_mouse_original.html |title=Handshoe Mouse (Original) |author=Product Specialists |work=ergocanada.com |access-date=2014-07-04  |archive-date=2014-07-14  |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140714145735/http://www.ergocanada.com/detailed_specification_pages/hippus_nv_handshoe_mouse_original.html |url-status=dead }}</ref> However such optimizations make the mouse right or left hand specific, making more problematic to change the tired hand. ''[[Time (magazine)|Time]]'' has criticized manufacturers for offering few or no left-handed ergonomic mice: "Oftentimes I felt like I was dealing with someone who'd never actually met a left-handed person before."<ref name="Confessions of a Left-Handed Technology User">{{cite magazine |author-last=McCracken |author-first=Harry |title=Confessions of a Left-Handed Technology User |url=https://techland.time.com/2012/08/27/left-handed-technology/ |magazine=Time |access-date=2015-08-15}}</ref>

[[File:Roller bar mouse.JPG|thumb|Keyboard with roller bar mouse]]

Another solution is a pointing bar device. The so-called ''roller bar mouse'' is positioned snugly in front of the keyboard, thus allowing bi-manual accessibility.<ref>Study at [[Wichita State University]]: ''"Examining First-Time Usage of the RollerMouse"'' [http://www.usabilitynews.org/examining-first-time-usage-of-the-rollermouse/], of 2003-12-08, uploaded 2014-07-11</ref>