Editing Hiddensee (section)

=== Stone Age to the end of the 17th century ===
The first settlements on the island took place in the middle and younger Stone Age. After a large part of the Germanic population had left the southern Baltic region in the 6th century AD, the [[Rani (tribe)|Rani]] (Slavs) took possession of the island. The [[Hiddensee treasure]], as well as the name of the islet, testify that the area was then in the sphere of influence of the [[Vikings]] in the 9th/10th century. In 1168 the Rans were defeated by King [[Valdemar I of Denmark|Waldemar I]] of [[Denmark]] by conquering the fortress [[Jaromarsburg]] at [[Cape Arkona]] on [[Rügen]], Christianized and brought under Danish feudal dependence. Hiddensee was thus under Danish [[sovereignty]]. On 13 April 1296 the prince of Rügen, [[Vitslav II, Prince of Rügen|Wizlaw II]], donated the island of Hiddensee, "as it was surrounded by the salt sea", to the [[Franzburg|Neuenkamp Abbey]]. There, a Cistercian abbey named Nikolaikamp was founded, named after [[Saint Nicholas|St. Nicholas]] as the [[patron saint]] of sailors. In fact, the [[monastery]] was called [[Kloster Hiddensee]] for the entire time of its existence.<ref>[[Hermann Hoogeweg]]: ''Geschichte des Klosters Hiddensee''. Hrsg.: Buchhandlung Leon Sauniers. Stettin 1924.</ref>

In the fall of 2008, archaeologists excavating under the direction of [[Medieval archaeology|medieval archaeologist]] [[Felix Biermann]] discovered ten burials on the grounds of the former Cistercian monastery. Nine graves were found north of the monastery church and one in the cloister east of the west wing of the [[Enclosed religious orders|enclosure]]. [[Bettina Jungklaus]] [[Anthropology|anthropologically]] examined the skeletons of seven male and two female adults and one young girl. One 20- to 30-year-old male exhibited a healed slash wound to the right frontal bone. There was a joint burial of a 50-60-year-old man with a 14-15-year-old girl, where the man held the youth's left arm with his right hand. The disease burden was strikingly low. Tartar and [[periodontal disease]] were found most frequently. [[Tooth decay|Caries]] was found on only one set of teeth, which was unusually low for medieval populations.<ref>{{citation|author=[[Bettina Jungklaus]]|date=2010|editor=Landesamt für Bodendenkmalpflege Mecklenburg-Vorpommern und Archäologischen Landesmuseum|issn=0947-3998|location=Lübstorf|pages=359–368|periodical=Bodendenkmalpflege in Mecklenburg-Vorpommern: Jahrbuch|title=Anthropologische Untersuchungen an zehn Skeletten vom Gelände des Zisterzienserklosters Hiddensee|volume=57}}<!-- auto-translated by Module:CS1 translator --></ref><ref>''[https://web.archive.org/web/20170908201944/http://www.anthropologie-jungklaus.de/projekt.php?id=Hiddensee,%20Zisterzienserkloster Projekt Hiddensee, Zisterzienserkloster].'' (Nicht mehr online verfügbar.) In: ''anthropologie-jungklaus.de.'' Archived from the original 8 September 2017. Retrieved 4 June 2017.</ref>

Simultaneously with the construction of the monastery, the Gellenkirche, a small beacon called Luchte, and the first harbor were built on the Gellen in the south of the island in the years 1302 to 1306. The foundations of these structures are located (today) west of the Gellen in the Baltic Sea.

In 1332, the [[Dedication of churches|consecration]] of the [[Island Church]], intended for the farmers and fishermen of the island, took place in today's Kloster district outside the monastery walls. With the transfer of the [[baptismal font]] from the Gellenkirche to the new church, pastoral duties have been carried out from there ever since. The barrel vault, built in around 1781, received a painting with rose decoration by the Berlin painter Nikolaus Niemeier in 1922.

In the course of the [[Reformation]], the monastery was dissolved in 1536. During the [[Thirty Years' War]] from 1618 to 1648, soldiers burned down the mixed oak forest on the Dornbusch on [[Wallenstein (trilogy of plays)|Wallenstein's]] orders in 1628, thus depriving the [[Denmark|Danes]] of the opportunity to extract timber. Even in the 21st century, the ash layer from that time can still be seen on the roadsides near the [[lighthouse]] a few centimeters below the turf. In the years from 1648 to 1815, Hiddensee, like the whole of Western Pomerania, was under Swedish administration.
[[File:Jacob Philipp Hackert - Auf Hiddensee (1764).jpg|thumb|[[Jacob Philipp Hackert|Jakob Philipp Hackert]] - On Hiddensee at the time of Giese, 1764]]
From 1754 to 1780, [[Joachim Ulrich Giese]] was the owner of the island and began mining<ref>{{citation|access-date=2022-04-23|author=August Stoehr|date=1920|issue=III. Die Norddeutschen Fabriken. 4. Die Fabriken in Mecklenburg und Pommern|location=Berlin, Würzburg|pages=533–534|periodical=Bibliothek für Kunst- und Antiquitätensammler|publisher=Richard Carl Schmidt & Co|title=Deutsche Fayencen und Deutsches Steingut. Ein Handbuch für Sammler und Liebhaber|url=http://digital.ub.uni-duesseldorf.de/vester/content/pageview/3002586|volume=20}}<!-- auto-translated by Module:CS1 translator --></ref> [[clay]] for the ''Stralsunder Fayencenmanufaktur'' he founded.