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Irish initial mutations
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==Environments of Eclipsis {{anchor|Eclipsis}}==<!--This section is linked from [[Manx language]]--> [[File:Boat_Slip_sign.jpg|thumb|Eclipsis displayed on a sign in [[Tramore]]: {{Lang|ga|Fánán na mBád}} "[[Slipway|slip]] of the boats". Even in an [[all-caps]], the eclipsed letter is not capitalised.]] [[File:Street_sign_Irish_Row,_Raphoe_-_geograph.org.uk_-_4086612.jpg|thumb|Eclipsis displayed on a sign in [[Raphoe]]: {{Lang|ga|Sráith na nGael}} "Row of the [[Gael|Gaels]]".]] === After plural possessive pronouns === The possessive pronouns that trigger eclipsis are {{Lang|ga|ár}} "our", {{Lang|ga|bhur}} "your (pl.)", {{Lang|ga|a}} "their" * {{Lang|ga|ár '''gc'''airde}} "our friends" * {{Lang|ga|bhur '''bp'''áistí}} "your (pl.) children" * {{Lang|ga|a '''mb'''ád}} "their boat", {{Lang|ga|a}} can mean "his", "her" or "their", but these different uses can still be distinguished, since {{Lang|ga|a}} causes lenition when used as "his" ({{Lang|ga|a bhád}}), causes eclipsis when used as "their" ({{Lang|ga|a mbád}}), and neither when used as "her" ({{Lang|ga|a bád}}). === After certain numbers === The numbers that trigger eclipsis (the noun being in the singular) are: * {{Lang|ga|seacht '''gc'''apall}} "seven horses" * {{Lang|ga|ocht '''n-'''asal}} "eight donkeys" * {{Lang|ga|naoi '''gc'''at}} "nine cats" * {{Lang|ga|deich '''bp'''eann}} "ten pens" === After the preposition {{Lang|ga|i}} "in" === Before a vowel {{Lang|ga|in}} is written instead of {{Lang|ga|i n-}}. * {{Lang|ga|i '''dt'''each}} "in a house" * {{Lang|ga|in Éirinn}} "in Ireland" === Genitive plural nouns after the definite article === The genitive plural article {{Lang|ga|na}} eclipses a following noun: * {{Lang|ga|na '''n-'''asal}} "of the donkeys" * {{Lang|ga|na '''bhf'''ocal}} "of the words" === Dative singular nouns after the definite article === In western and southern dialects, nouns beginning with a noncoronal consonant are eclipsed after combinations of preposition + article in the singular (except {{Lang|ga|den}}, {{lang|ga|don}}, and {{Lang|ga|sa(n)}}, which trigger lenition) * {{Lang|ga|ag an '''bhf'''ear}} "by the man" * {{Lang|ga|ar an '''gc'''rann}} "on the tree" === After certain preverbal particles === * {{Lang|ga|an poll a '''dt'''agann na coiníní as}} "the hole that the rabbits come out of" * {{Lang|ga|An '''dt'''agann sé gach lá?}} "Does he come every day?" * {{Lang|ga|Cá '''bhf'''uil mo spéaclaí?}} "Where are my glasses?" * {{Lang|ga|Dúirt sé go '''dt'''iocfadh sé.}} "He said that he would come." * {{Lang|ga|dá '''mb'''eadh a fhios sin agam}} "if I had known that"
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