Editing NMDA receptor (section)

==== Nitromemantine ====
The NMDA receptor is regulated via [[nitrosylation]] and aminoadamantane can be used as a target-directed shuttle to bring nitrogen oxide (NO) close to the site within the NMDA receptor where it can nitrosylate and regulate the ion channel conductivity.<ref name="Wanka" /> A NO donor that can be used to decrease NMDA receptor activity is the alkyl nitrate nitroglycerin. Unlike many other NO donors, alkyl nitrates do not have potential NO associated [[neurotoxic]] effects. Alkyl nitrates donate NO in the form of a nitro group as seen in figure 7, -NO<sub>2</sub>-, which is a safe donor that avoids neurotoxicity. The nitro group must be targeted to the NMDA receptor, otherwise other effects of NO such as dilatation of blood vessels and consequent [[hypotension]] could result.<ref name="Lipton3" />
[[Nitromemantine]] is a second-generation derivative of memantine, it reduces excitotoxicity mediated by overactivation of the glutamatergic system by blocking NMDA receptor without sacrificing safety. Provisional studies in animal models show that nitromemantines are more effective than memantine as neuroprotectants, both [[in vitro]] and in vivo. Memantine and newer derivatives could become very important weapons in the fight against neuronal damage.<ref name="Lipton1" />
[[File:Nitromemantine.jpg|thumb|center|450px|'''Figure 7:''' Nitroglycerin donate ONO<sub>2</sub> group that leads to second generation memantine analog, [[nitromemantine]]]]

[[Negative allosteric modulator]]s include:
* [[25-Hydroxycholesterol]] – endogenous weak negative allosteric modulator
* [[Conantokin]]s – naturally occurring negative allosteric modulators of the polyamine site found in ''[[Conus geographus]]''<ref name="pmid1328523">{{cite journal | vauthors = Skolnick P, Boje K, Miller R, Pennington M, Maccecchini ML | title = Noncompetitive inhibition of N-methyl-D-aspartate by conantokin-G: evidence for an allosteric interaction at polyamine sites | journal = Journal of Neurochemistry | volume = 59 | issue = 4 | pages = 1516–1521 | date = October 1992 | pmid = 1328523 | doi = 10.1111/j.1471-4159.1992.tb08468.x | s2cid = 25871948 }}</ref>