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Proverb
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===Psychology=== Though much proverb scholarship is done by literary scholars, those studying the human mind have used proverbs in a variety of studies.<ref>Mieder, Wolfgang. "The use of proverbs in psychological testing." ''Journal of the Folklore Institute'' 15.1 (1978): 45β55.</ref> One of the earliest studies in this field is the ''Proverbs Test'' by Gorham, developed in 1956. A similar test is being prepared in German.<ref>{{cite web|url= http://www.ruhr-uni-bochum.de/neuropsy/testsE/sprichwort.html |title=Institut fΓΌr Kognitive Neurowissenschaft |publisher=Ruhr-uni-bochum.de |date=2011-03-22 |access-date=2012-09-20}}</ref> Proverbs have been used to evaluate [[dementia]],<ref>Yamaguchi, Haruyasu; Yohko Maki, Tomoharu Yamaguchi. 2011. A figurative proverb test for dementia: rapid detection of disinhibition, excuse and [[confabulation]], causing discommunication. ''Psychogeriatrics'' Vol. 11.4: pp. 205β211.</ref><ref>Natalie C. Kaiser. 2013. What dementia reveals about proverb interpretation and its neuroanatomical correlates. ''Neuropsychologia'' 51:1726β1733.</ref><ref>Kempler, Daniel, Diana Van Lancker, and Stephen Read. 1988. Proverb and idiom comprehension in Alzheimers disease. ''Alzheimers Disease and Associated Disorders'' 2.1:38β49.</ref> study the [[cognitive development]] of children,<ref name="Richard P. Honeck 1997">Richard P. Honeck. A proverb in mind: the cognitive science of proverbial wit and wisdom. Routledge, 1997.</ref> measure the results of [[brain injuries]],<ref>Pp. 123ff, C. Thomas Gualtieri. 2002. ''Brain Injury and Mental Retardation: Psychopharmacology and Neuropsychiatry''. Lippincott Williams & Wilkins.</ref> and study how the mind processes [[figurative language]].<ref name="Michael Kiang 2007"/><ref>Ulatowska, Hanna K., and Gloria S. Olness. "Reflections on the Nature of Proverbs: Evidence from Aphasia." ''Proverbium'' 15 (1998), 329β346. Schizophrenia has also been shown to affect the way people interpret proverbs.</ref><ref>Yi, You Gyoung, Dae Youl Kim, Woo Hyun Shim, Joo Young Oh, Sung Hyun Kim, Ho Sung Kim. (2017). Neural correlates of Korean proverb processing: A functional magnetic resonance imaging study. ''Brain and behavior'' 7(10).</ref>
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