Editing Pyrolysis (section)

=== Thermogravimetric analysis ===
[[Thermogravimetric analysis]] (TGA) is one of the most common techniques to investigate pyrolysis with no limitations of heat and mass transfer. The results can be used to determine mass loss kinetics.<ref name="Zhou-2013" /><ref name="Zhou-2015" /><ref name="Zhou-2017" /><ref name="Zhou-2015-2" /><ref name="Zhou-2015-3" /> [[Activation energy|Activation energies]] can be calculated using the [[Kissinger method]] or peak analysis-least square method (PA-LSM).<ref name="Zhou-2017" /><ref name="Zhou-2015-2" />

TGA can couple with [[Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy]] (FTIR) and [[mass spectrometry]]. As the temperature increases, the volatiles generated from pyrolysis can be measured.<ref>{{cite journal |last1=Zhou |first1=Hui |last2=Meng |first2=AiHong |last3=Long |first3=YanQiu |last4=Li |first4=QingHai |last5=Zhang |first5=YanGuo |title=Interactions of municipal solid waste components during pyrolysis: A TG-FTIR study |journal=Journal of Analytical and Applied Pyrolysis |date=July 2014 |volume=108 |pages=19–25 |doi=10.1016/j.jaap.2014.05.024 |bibcode=2014JAAP..108...19Z }}</ref><ref name="Zhao-2020">{{cite journal |last1=Zhao |first1=Ming |last2=Memon |first2=Muhammad Zaki |last3=Ji |first3=Guozhao |last4=Yang |first4=Xiaoxiao |last5=Vuppaladadiyam |first5=Arun K. |last6=Song |first6=Yinqiang |last7=Raheem |first7=Abdul |last8=Li |first8=Jinhui |last9=Wang |first9=Wei |last10=Zhou |first10=Hui |title=Alkali metal bifunctional catalyst-sorbents enabled biomass pyrolysis for enhanced hydrogen production |journal=Renewable Energy |date=April 2020 |volume=148 |pages=168–175 |doi=10.1016/j.renene.2019.12.006 |bibcode=2020REne..148..168Z }}</ref>