Editing Sinicization (section)

====Islam====
{{See also|Xinjiang internment camps|}}
[[File:Front_gate_of_Ximen_Mosque,_Dali.jpg|thumb|Mosque with dome removed due to sinicization policy]]
In 2015, CCP general secretary [[Xi Jinping]] first raised the issue of "sinicization of Islam". In 2018, a confidential directive was issued ordering local officials to "prevent Islam from interfering with secular life and the state's functions".<ref>{{cite news |last1=Myers |first1=Steven Lee |title=A Crackdown on Islam Is Spreading Across China |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2019/09/21/world/asia/china-islam-crackdown.html |access-date=9 February 2020 |work=The New York Times |date=21 September 2019 |quote=The restrictions they now face can be traced to 2015, when Mr. Xi first raised the issue of what he called the "Sinicization of Islam," saying all faiths should be subordinate to Chinese culture and the Communist Party. Last year, Mr. Xi's government issued a confidential directive that ordered local officials to prevent Islam from interfering with secular life and the state's functions. |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190924010442/https://www.nytimes.com/2019/09/21/world/asia/china-islam-crackdown.html |archive-date=24 September 2019 |url-status=live }}</ref>

Yang Faming, leader of the [[Islamic Association of China]], said in a 2018 speech that "We must allow traditional Chinese culture to permeate Islam and jointly guard the spiritual homeland of the Chinese people."<ref>{{cite news |title=杨发明委员：坚持我国伊斯兰教中国化方向-新华网 |url=http://www.xinhuanet.com/2018-03/10/c_1122518319.htm |access-date=9 February 2020 |work=www.xinhuanet.com |date=10 March 2018 |language=zh |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200424145056/http://www.xinhuanet.com/2018-03/10/c_1122518319.htm |archive-date=24 April 2020 |url-status=dead }}</ref> He encouraged Chinese characteristics to be present in religious ceremony, culture, and architecture.<ref name="diplomat-2018"/>

In 2018, over one million Chinese government workers began forcibly living in the homes of Uyghur Muslim families to monitor and assess resistance to assimilation, and to watch for frowned-upon religious or cultural practices.<ref name=":23">{{Cite news|last=Byler|first=Darren|date=9 November 2018|title=Why Chinese civil servants are happy to occupy Uyghur homes in Xinjiang|work=CNN|url=https://www.cnn.com/2018/11/09/opinions/uyghur-home-visit-opinion-intl/index.html|access-date=|archive-date=19 October 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211019154249/https://www.cnn.com/2018/11/09/opinions/uyghur-home-visit-opinion-intl/index.html|url-status=live}}</ref><ref name=":8">{{Cite web|last1=Westcott|first1=Ben|last2=Xiong|first2=Yong|title=Xinjiang's Uyghurs didn't choose to be Muslim, new Chinese report says|date=22 July 2019|url=https://www.cnn.com/2019/07/22/asia/china-xinjiang-uyghur-muslim-intl-hnk/index.html|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191219115041/https://www.cnn.com/2019/07/22/asia/china-xinjiang-uyghur-muslim-intl-hnk/index.html|archive-date=2019-12-19|access-date=2019-12-02|publisher=CNN}}</ref> These government workers were trained to call themselves "relatives" and have been described in Chinese state media as being a key part of enhancing "ethnic unity".<ref name=":23" />

{{As of|2019}}, it was estimated that Chinese authorities may have detained one and a half million people in secretive internment camps. The vast majority of those forcibly interned are Muslim Uyghurs but [[Kazakhs in China|Kazakhs]] and other minority groups have also been included.<ref>{{Cite news|date=14 March 2019|title=1.5 million Muslims could be detained in China's Xinjiang: academic|newspaper=Reuters|url=https://www.reuters.com/article/us-china-xinjiang-rights/15-million-muslims-could-be-detained-in-chinas-xinjiang-academic-idUSKCN1QU2MQ|access-date=11 January 2021|archive-date=9 January 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210109115341/https://www.reuters.com/article/us-china-xinjiang-rights/15-million-muslims-could-be-detained-in-chinas-xinjiang-academic-idUSKCN1QU2MQ|url-status=live}}</ref>

In September 2020, sinicization policies targeted Muslim [[Utsul]]s in [[Hainan]] province. Restrictions included limiting the size of mosques, requiring a Communist Party member on mosque management committees, forbidding the use of Arabic words on food stalls (such as "[[halal]]"), and banning the [[hijab]] in schools and government offices.<ref>{{cite news |last1=Baptista |first1=Eduardo |title=Tiny Muslim community becomes latest target for China's religious crackdown |url=https://www.scmp.com/news/china/politics/article/3103253/tiny-muslim-community-chinas-far-south-becomes-latest-target |access-date=5 April 2021 |work=South China Morning Post |date=28 September 2020 |language=en |archive-date=16 October 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201016015718/https://www.scmp.com/news/china/politics/article/3103253/tiny-muslim-community-chinas-far-south-becomes-latest-target |url-status=live }}</ref><ref>{{cite news |last1=Seibt |first1=Sébastian |date=30 September 2020 |title=Beijing's crackdown on religious minorities takes aim at 10,000 Muslim Utsuls |language=en |work=[[France 24]] |url=https://www.france24.com/en/20200930-beijing-s-crackdown-on-religious-minorities-takes-aim-at-10-000-muslim-utsuls |access-date=5 April 2021 |archive-date=31 March 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210331072438/https://www.france24.com/en/20200930-beijing-s-crackdown-on-religious-minorities-takes-aim-at-10-000-muslim-utsuls |url-status=live }}</ref>

In June 2023, [[CNN]] reported that Chinese authorities had forcibly rebuilt a number of mosques to eliminate traditional Islamic architecture (e.g. minarets, domes) and replace them with Chinese architecture.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Thousands of ethnic minority Muslims defy Chinese authorities in defense of mosque |url=https://www.cnnphilippines.com/world/2023/6/2/china-mosque-protest.html |access-date=2023-06-03 |website=[[CNN Philippines]] |language=en |archive-date=2023-06-03 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230603104435/https://www.cnnphilippines.com/world/2023/6/2/china-mosque-protest.html |url-status=dead }}</ref> In July 2023, the United Front Work Department's [[Central Institute of Socialism]] developed a plan to "meld Islam with Confucianism" using the [[Han Kitab]] texts as a guide.<ref>{{Cite web |date=September 14, 2023 |title=Among Uyghurs, China aims to 'meld Islam with Confucianism' |url=https://www.rfa.org/english/news/uyghur/uyghur-sinicizing-islam-09142023171912.html |access-date=2023-09-16 |website=[[Radio Free Asia]] |language=en |archive-date=2023-09-15 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230915205443/https://www.rfa.org/english/news/uyghur/uyghur-sinicizing-islam-09142023171912.html |url-status=live }}</ref>