Editing Taiwan (section)

====Relations with the PRC====
{{Main|Cross-strait relations}}
[[File:2015 Ma–Xi Meeting 08.jpg|thumb|The [[Ma–Xi meeting]] was the only meeting between the leaders of both sides of the Taiwan Strait since 1949.]]
The [[Mainland Affairs Council]] (MAC) of Taiwan is responsible for relations with the PRC, while the [[Taiwan Affairs Office]] (TAO) of the PRC is responsible for relations with Taiwan. Exchanges are conducted through private organizations both founded in 1991: the [[Straits Exchange Foundation]] (SEF) of Taiwan and the [[Association for Relations Across the Taiwan Straits]] (ARATS) of the PRC.

In November 1992, the ARATS and SEF held a meeting which would later become known as the [[1992 Consensus]]. The SEF announced that both sides agreed that there was only [[one China]], but disagreed on the definition of China (i.e. the ROC vs. PRC), while the ARATS announced that the two agreed on the One China principle, but did not mention differences regarding its definition made in the SEF statement.<ref name="autogenerated1">{{Cite web|url=https://www.everycrsreport.com/reports/RL30341.html|title=China/Taiwan: Evolution of the "One China" Policy—Key Statements from Washington, Beijing, and Taipei|website=www.everycrsreport.com|access-date=7 January 2022|archive-date=16 August 2024|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240816172156/https://www.everycrsreport.com/reports/RL30341.html|url-status=live}}</ref> In Taiwan, the ruling [[Democratic Progressive Party]] has rejected the 1992 Consensus since early 2019.<ref>{{cite web|title=President Tsai issues statement on China's President Xi's "Message to Compatriots in Taiwan"|url=https://english.president.gov.tw/News/5621|website=Office of the President, ROC (Taiwan)|date=2 January 2019|access-date=4 July 2023|archive-date=22 May 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230522173943/https://english.president.gov.tw/News/5621|url-status=live}}</ref> President [[Lai Ching-te]] has stated that the ROC and the PRC are not subordinate to each other.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://thediplomat.com/2024/11/lai-ching-te-and-the-republic-of-china-and-motherland-theories/|title=Lai Ching-te and the 'Republic of China' and 'Motherland' Theories|website=The Diplomat|last=Kawashima|first=Shin|date=29 November 2024|access-date=27 February 2025}}</ref>

The PRC's One China principle states that Taiwan and mainland China are both part of China, and that the PRC is the only legitimate government of China.<ref name="woo21" /> It seeks to prevent or reduce any formal recognition of the ROC as an independent sovereign state,<ref>{{cite book |last1=Huang |first1=Jing |title=Taiwan and China: Fitful Embrace |publisher=[[University of California Press]] |year=2017 |editor-last1=Dittmer |editor-first1=Lowell |edition=1st |pages=239–248 |chapter=Xi Jinping's Taiwan Policy: Boxing Taiwan In with the One-China Framework |jstor=10.1525/j.ctt1w76wpm |chapter-url=https://www.jstor.org/stable/10.1525/j.ctt1w76wpm.16}}</ref><ref>{{cite journal |last=Shattuck |first=Thomas J. |year=2020 |title=The Race to Zero?: China's Poaching of Taiwan's Diplomatic Allies |journal=[[Orbis (journal)|Orbis]] |volume=64 |issue=2 |pages=334–352 |doi=10.1016/j.orbis.2020.02.003 |pmc=7102519 |pmid=32292214}}</ref> meaning that Taiwan participates in many international forums as a non-state member under names such as "Chinese Taipei". The PRC suggested the "[[one country, two systems]]" employed in [[Hong Kong]] as a model for peaceful unification with Taiwan.<ref>{{cite journal|last=Chao|first=Chien-Min|year=1987|title="One Country, Two Systems": A Theoretical Analysis|journal=Asian Affairs: An American Review|volume=14|issue=2|pages=107–124|doi=10.1080/00927678.1987.10553643|jstor=30172037}}</ref><ref>{{cite journal|last=Lin|first=Gang|year=2016|title=Beijing's New Strategies toward a Changing Taiwan|journal=Journal of Contemporary China|volume=25|issue=99|pages=321–335|doi=10.1080/10670564.2015.1104863|s2cid=155357074|url=https://taiwan.sjtu.edu.cn/Beijing%E2%80%99s%20New%20Strategies%20toward%20a%20Changing%20Taiwan.pdf|access-date=17 December 2022|archive-date=17 December 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221217053049/https://taiwan.sjtu.edu.cn/Beijing%E2%80%99s%20New%20Strategies%20toward%20a%20Changing%20Taiwan.pdf|url-status=live}}</ref> While it aims for peaceful reunification, the PRC does not rule out the use of force.<ref name="scmp2014sep27">{{cite news|last1=Chung|first1=Lawrence|title='One country, two systems' right formula for Taiwan, Xi Jinping reiterates|url=http://www.scmp.com/news/china/article/1601307/one-country-two-systems-right-formula-taiwan-xi-jinping-reiterates?page=all|access-date=14 April 2015|work=South China Morning Post|date=27 September 2014|archive-date=12 April 2015|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150412121848/http://www.scmp.com/news/china/article/1601307/one-country-two-systems-right-formula-taiwan-xi-jinping-reiterates?page=all|url-status=live}}</ref><ref name="bbc21">{{cite news |title=China-Taiwan tensions: We will not bow to Beijing pressure, says leader |date=10 October 2021 |work=BBC News |publisher=BBC |url=https://www.bbc.com/news/world-asia-58860365 |access-date=10 October 2021 |archive-date=10 October 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211010044827/https://www.bbc.com/news/world-asia-58860365 |url-status=live }}</ref> The political environment is complicated by the potential for military conflict<ref name="mol21">{{cite news |last=Molloy |first=Shannon |date=13 October 2021 |title=Proof China has been practising for years for a war that would spark mass global conflict |url=https://www.news.com.au/technology/innovation/military/proof-china-has-been-practising-for-years-for-a-war-that-would-spark-mass-global-conflict/news-story/efe55679a42171268224ba89b084e386 |access-date=13 October 2021 |work=[[News.com.au]] |archive-date=13 October 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211013023546/https://www.news.com.au/technology/innovation/military/proof-china-has-been-practising-for-years-for-a-war-that-would-spark-mass-global-conflict/news-story/efe55679a42171268224ba89b084e386 |url-status=live }}</ref><ref name="mar21">{{cite news |title=U.S. Lawmakers' Visit to Taiwan Tests Detente With China |first=Peter |last=Martin |date=10 November 2021 |work=Bloomberg |url=https://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2021-11-09/u-s-lawmakers-visit-to-taiwan-inflames-tensions-with-china |url-access=limited |access-date=13 November 2021 |archive-date=12 November 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211112142048/https://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2021-11-09/u-s-lawmakers-visit-to-taiwan-inflames-tensions-with-china |url-status=live }}</ref><ref name="yn21">{{cite news |title='Inconceivable': Peter Dutton warns of major China move |author=Yahoo News Staff |date=13 November 2021 |work=Yahoo News |publisher=Yahoo |url=https://au.news.yahoo.com/inconceivable-australia-must-prepare-major-china-move-002430696.html |access-date=13 November 2021 |archive-date=13 November 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211113012155/https://au.news.yahoo.com/inconceivable-australia-must-prepare-major-china-move-002430696.html |url-status=live }}</ref> should events outlined in the PRC's [[Anti-Secession Law]] occur, such as Taiwan declaring ''[[de jure]]'' independence. There is a substantial military presence on the Fujian coast as well as PRC sorties into Taiwan's [[air defense identification zone]] (ADIZ).<ref>{{cite web|url=https://fas.org/nuke/guide/china/facility/liancheng.htm|title=Liancheng / Lianfeng Airbase&nbsp;– Chinese Military Forces|publisher=Federation of American Scientists|access-date=7 June 2009|quote=In March 2000 it was reported that the PLA Air Force was deploying new air-defense missiles [possibly batteries of Russian-made S-300 missiles] opposite Taiwan at the coastal cities of Xiamen and Shantou, and at Longtian, near Fuzhou.|archive-date=23 August 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210823122033/https://fas.org/nuke/guide/china/facility/liancheng.htm|url-status=live}}</ref><ref name=2004NatDefRpt>{{cite web |year=2004 |title=2004 National Defense Report |work=ROC Ministry of National Defense |url=https://china.usc.edu/sites/default/files/article/attachments/taiwan-2004-national-defense-report.pdf |access-date=27 November 2021 |archive-date=28 November 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211128012530/https://china.usc.edu/sites/default/files/article/attachments/taiwan-2004-national-defense-report.pdf |url-status=live }}</ref><ref name="srf21">{{cite news |date=5 October 2021 |title=Luftraumverletzungen in Taiwan: Es geht um Einschüchterung |trans-title=Airspace intrusion in Taiwan: It's about intimidation |url=https://www.srf.ch/news/international/militaerjets-aus-china-luftraumverletzungen-in-taiwan-es-geht-um-einschuechterung |access-date=10 October 2021 |work=[[Schweizer Radio und Fernsehen]] |language=DE-ch |archive-date=16 August 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240816172146/https://www.srf.ch/news/international/strategie-der-einschuechterung-chinesische-militaerjets-in-taiwans-luftraumueberwachungszone |url-status=live }}</ref>