Editing Vernacular architecture (section)

==Types and examples by region==
[[File:Old city of Basra 1954.jpg|thumb|Mashrabiya (or shanashol window) in the old city of Basra, 1954]]
[[File:Mudhif by Gertrude Bell 1918 or 1920.jpg|thumb|Mudhif, photo by Gertrude Bell 1918 or 1920]]
[[File:IMG 2622-1.JPG|thumb|Museum of Decorative Finishes in [[Pereiaslav]]]]

'''Inter-regional'''
* [[Bender tent]] – a temporary dwelling used by Nomadic people 
* [[Stilt house]] – a raised house found in monsoonal regions, especially [[Monsoon of South Asia|monsoonal South Asia]] or other areas prone to flooding

'''Brazil'''
* [[Slum|Bustee]] – a dwelling made from waste materials, often associated with the slums of India or the [[favella]]s of Brazil

'''Canada'''
* Canadian Railway style – [[Railway station]]s built in Canada in the 19th and early 20th centuries were often simple wood structures that lacked decorative features. Some of these stations survive today but not as active railway stations.

'''Iraq'''
* [[Desert castles]] – (in Arabic, known as q'sar) fortified palaces or [[castle]]s built during the [[Umayyad]] period, the ruins of which are now scattered across the semi-arid regions of north-eastern [[Jordan]], [[Syria]], Israel, [[Palestine (region)|Palestine]] and Iraq. These often served as hunting lodges for noble families.<ref>Khouri, R.G., ''The Desert Castles: A Brief Guide to the Antiquities,'' Al Kutba, 1988. pp 4–5</ref>
* [[Mudhif]] – a traditional building constructed entirely of reeds and common to the Marsh Arabs of southern Iraq. Many were destroyed by [[Saddam Hussein]], but since 2003, Arab communities have been returning to their traditional homes and way of life.<ref>Broadbent, G., "The Ecology of the Mudhif," in: Geoffrey Broadbent and C. A. Brebbia, ''Eco-architecture II: Harmonisation Between Architecture and Nature,'' WIT Press, 2008, pp 21–23</ref>

'''Germany'''
* [[Gulf house]]
* [[Low German house]]
* [[Middle German house]]
* [[Old Frisian farmhouse]]

'''Indonesia'''
{{main|Rumah adat}}

'''Israel'''
* [[Sukkah]] – a temporary dwelling for use during the Jewish holiday of [[Sukkot]]. A sukkah must be made of organic materials, have three walls, and must have a roof that is partially open to the sky. The roof is typically made of branches or thatch.
* [[Four room house]] – Iron Age structures constructed of mud and stone.<ref>{{Cite journal|last1=Faust|first1=Avraham|last2=Bunimovitz|first2=Shlomo|date=March 2003|title=The Four Room House: Embodying Iron Age Israelite Society|url=https://www.journals.uchicago.edu/doi/10.2307/3210929|journal=Near Eastern Archaeology|language=en|volume=66|issue=1–2|pages=22–31|doi=10.2307/3210929|jstor=3210929|s2cid=162312425|issn=1094-2076|url-access=subscription}}</ref> 
* Wild Bau cladding style – the practice of repurposing rubble from Israeli structures destroyed during wars and terrorist attacks in masonry, especially in [[Katamon]].<ref>{{cite book|editor-last1=Gitler |editor-first1=Inbal Ben-Asher|editor-last2=Geva|editor-first2=Anat|title=Israel as a modern architectural experimental lab, 1948-1978|year=2020|publisher=[[Intellect Books]]|url=http://worldcat.org/oclc/1148141962|isbn=978-1-78938-064-4|oclc=1148141962|access-date=5 March 2021 }}</ref>

'''Italy'''
* Alpine 'barn' houses – dwellings built on the storey above the ground floor, which housed cattle during winter
* Dammuso (Dammusu) – dry stone housing of [[Pantelleria]]
* [[Sassi di Matera]] – cave dwellings
* [[Trullo]] – dry stone hut-shaped house with a conical roof

'''Norway'''
{{main|Vernacular architecture in Norway}}

'''Philippines'''
* [[Torogan]] sleeping house in [[Mindanao]], [[Philippines]]

'''Scotland'''
{{Main|Scottish Vernacular}}
* [[Bastle house]] – a multi-storey, fortified farmhouse with sophisticated security measures designed to provide defense against the frequent raiding parties along the Scottish border.<ref>Brunskill, R. W., ''Houses and Cottages of Britain: Origins and Development of Traditional Buildings,'' Victor Gollancz & Peter Crawley, 1997, pp 28–29</ref>
* [[Blackhouse]] – a traditional [[dry-stone wall]] building, roofed with [[thatch]] of turf, a [[flagstone]] floor and central hearth, designed to accommodate livestock and people, separated by a partition.<ref>Holden, 2004</ref>
* Crofters' cottage – a simple construction of stone walls filled with earth for insulation, a thatched or turf roof and stone slabs were set into the middle of the room for a peat fire which provided some form of central heating. An unusual croft house Brotchie's Steading, [[Dunnet]] was built with whale bone couples.<ref>Holden, 2003, pages 85-86</ref>
* [[Architecture of Wales#Cruck construction|Cruck house]] – a medieval structure designed to cope with shortages of long-span timber. The frame of the structure uses "siles" or "couples" (a type of fork) for the end walls. The walls do not support the roof, which is instead carried on the cruck frame. This type of building is common throughout England, Scotland and Wales, although only a few intact examples have survived.<ref>Dixon, P., "The Medieval Peasant Building in Scotland: The Beginning and End of Crucks", ''Ruralia IV'' 2003, pp 187–200, [https://www.academia.edu/972677/The_medieval_peasant_building_in_Scotland_the_beginning_and_end_of_crucks Online]</ref> 
* [[Shieling]] – a type of temporary hut (or a collection of huts) constructed of stone, sod and turf used as a dwelling during the summer months when highlanders took their livestock to higher ground in search of new pasture.<ref>Cheape, H., "Shielings in the Highlands and Islands of Scotland: Prehistory to the Present," ''Folk Life,'' [[Journal of Ethnological Studies]], vol. 35, no. 1, 1996, pp 7-24, DOI: 10.1179/043087796798254498</ref>
* [[Tower house]] or [[peel tower]] – a medieval building, typically of stone, constructed by the aristocratic classes as a defensible residence.<ref>Mackechnie, A., "For Friendship and Conversation': Martial Scotland's Domestic Castles," ''Architectural Heritage,'' XXVI, 2015, p. 14 and p, 21</ref>
* Turf house – e.g. [[Medieval turf building in Cronberry|East Ayrshire, Medieval turf house]]

'''Spain'''
* [[Adobe|Adobe house]] – mudbrick buildings found in Spain and Spanish colonies

'''United States'''
*[[Creole architecture in the United States]] – a type of house or cottage common along the Gulf Coast and associated rivers, especially in southern Louisiana and Mississippi.<ref>Gamble, Robert ''Historic Architecture in Alabama: A Guide to Styles and Types, 1810-1930'', page 180. Tuscaloosa, Alabama: The University of Alabama Press, 1990. {{ISBN|0-8173-1134-3}}.</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=http://missourifolkloresociety.truman.edu/marshall.html |title=vernacular architecture of missouri |publisher=Missourifolkloresociety.truman.edu |access-date=2 September 2013 |archive-date=7 January 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190107113230/http://missourifolkloresociety.truman.edu/marshall.html |url-status=dead }}</ref>
*[[Earth lodge]] – a subterranean dwelling used by the [[Native Americans in the United States|Native Americans]] of the [[Great Plains]]
*[[Hogan]] – traditional dwelling of [[Navajo]] people
*[[Earl Young (architect)|Earl A. Young]] (born 31 March 1889 – 24 May 1975) was an American architect, realtor and insurance agent. Over a span of 52 years, he designed and built 31 structures in [[Charlevoix, Michigan]] but was never a registered [[architect]].<ref name="hyster">{{cite news |url=http://charlevoixlibrary.org/research/young/young-art26.htm |last1=Huyser-Honig |first1=Joan |title=Do Gnomes Live Here? |work=[[The Ann Arbor News]] |date=14 November 1993 |access-date=8 March 2011 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100219111852/http://www.charlevoixlibrary.org/research/young/young-art26.htm |archive-date=19 February 2010 }}</ref><ref name="ReferenceA">{{cite video |title=The Life and Works of Earl Young, Charlevoix's Master Builder in Stone |medium=DVD |publisher=Charlevoix Historical Society |people=Miles, David L (writer); Hull, Dale (narrator) |date=2009 |oclc=505817344}}</ref> He worked mostly in [[Rock (geology)|stone]], using [[limestone]], [[fieldstone]],<ref>{{cite book |title=Buildings in Michigan |publisher=[[Oxford University Press]] |location=New York |first=Kathryn Bishop |last=Eckert |year=1993 |page=418 |isbn=0-19-506149-7}}</ref> and [[boulders]] he found throughout [[Northern Michigan]]. The homes are commonly referred to as [[gnome]] homes, [[Mushroom House|mushroom houses]], or [[Hobbit hole|Hobbit houses]].<ref name="hyster"/><ref name="ReferenceA"/> His door, window, roof and fireplace designs were very distinct because of his use of curved lines. Young's goal was to show that a small stone house could be as impressive as a castle. Young also helped make Charlevoix the busy, summer resort town that it is today.<ref name="ReferenceA"/><ref name="Kelly">{{cite web |url=http://www.mynorth.com/My-North/December-2009/Earl-Young-and-Don-Campbell-Early-Charlevoix-Visionaries/ |first1=Anne |last1=Kelly |title=Earl Young and Don Campbell, Pals Who Shaped Charlevoix: The story of Earl Young, creator of Charlevoix's Hobbit Houses, and his lifelong friend Don Campbell, who traveled the world and ultimately shaped Charlevoix together |publisher=My North.com |date=1 January 2010 |access-date=13 March 2011}}</ref>

'''Ukraine'''

Different regions in Ukraine have their own examples of vernacular architecture. For example, in the [[Carpathian Mountains]] and the surrounding [[foothills]], wood and clay are the primary traditional building materials. [[Ukrainian architecture]] is preserved at the Museum of Folk Architecture and Way of Life of Central [[Naddnipryanshchyna]] located in [[Pereiaslav]], Ukraine.