Editing Cataract (section)

===Etymology===
"Cataract" is derived from the [[Latin]] ''{{lang|la|cataracta}}'', itself from the [[Ancient Greek]] {{lang|grc|καταρράκτης}} (''{{lang|grc-Latn|katarrhaktēs}}'') 'waterfall'.<ref>{{cite book|chapter-url=https://www.perseus.tufts.edu/hopper/text?doc=Perseus%3Atext%3A1999.04.0057%3Aentry%3Dkatarra%2Fkths |chapter=καταρράκτης |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120405004553/http://www.perseus.tufts.edu/hopper/text?doc=Perseus%3Atext%3A1999.04.0057%3Aentry%3Dkatarra%2Fkths |archive-date=2012-04-05 |first1=Henry George |last1=Liddell |first2=Robert |last2=Scott |title=A Greek-English Lexicon |title-link=A Greek–English Lexicon |via=Perseus}}</ref><ref>{{cite book|chapter-url=https://www.perseus.tufts.edu/hopper/text?doc=Perseus%3Atext%3A1999.04.0057%3Aentry%3Dkatara%2Fssw |chapter=καταράσσω |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120404220922/http://www.perseus.tufts.edu/hopper/text?doc=Perseus%3Atext%3A1999.04.0057%3Aentry%3Dkatara%2Fssw |archive-date=2012-04-04 |first1=Henry George |last1=Liddell |first2=Robert |last2=Scott |title=A Greek-English Lexicon |title-link=A Greek–English Lexicon |via=Perseus}}</ref><ref name="DictionaryComCataract">{{cite web |url=https://www.dictionary.com/browse/cataract |title=cataract |work=Dictionary.com |publisher=Dictionary.com, LLC |access-date=1 April 2020}}</ref><ref name="OxfordCataractArch">{{cite web |url=http://oxforddictionaries.com/definition/english/cataract |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121008005743/http://oxforddictionaries.com/definition/english/cataract |title=cataract |work=Oxford Dictionaries |publisher=Oxford University Press |archive-date=8 October 2012 |url-status=dead |access-date=1 April 2020}}</ref> As rapidly running water turns white, so the term may have been used metaphorically to describe the similar appearance of mature ocular opacities. In Latin, ''cataracta'' had the alternative meaning "[[portcullis]]"<ref>{{cite book|chapter-url=https://www.perseus.tufts.edu/hopper/text?doc=Perseus%3Atext%3A1999.04.0059%3Aentry%3Dcataracta |chapter=cataracta |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120404221004/http://www.perseus.tufts.edu/hopper/text?doc=Perseus%3Atext%3A1999.04.0059%3Aentry%3Dcataracta |archive-date=2012-04-04 |first1=Charlton T. |last1=Lewis |first2=Charles |last2=Short |title=A Latin Dictionary |via=Perseus |title-link=A Latin Dictionary}}</ref> and the name possibly passed through French to form the English meaning "eye disease" (early 15th century), on the notion of "obstruction".<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.etymonline.com/index.php?term=cataract |title=cataract |website=[[Online Etymology Dictionary]] |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20071014103757/http://etymonline.com/index.php?term=cataract |archive-date=2007-10-14 }}</ref> Early Persian physicians called the term ''nazul-i-ah'', or "descent of the water"—vulgarised into waterfall disease or cataract—believing such blindness to be caused by an outpouring of corrupt [[humorism|humour]] into the eye.<ref>[http://wordcraft.infopop.cc/eve/forums/a/tpc/f/756604565/m/2881057435 Mistaken Science – Topic Powered by eve community] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080622143811/http://wordcraft.infopop.cc/eve/forums/a/tpc/f/756604565/m/2881057435 |date=2008-06-22 }}, Wordcraft Forums, wordcraft.infopop.cc</ref>