Editing Cluj-Napoca (section)

==Arts and culture==
{{wide image|Cluj, Iulius - panoramio (1).jpg|800px|align-cap=center|View of Gheorgheni Lake and Iulius Park}}
Cluj-Napoca has a diverse and growing cultural scene, with cultural life exhibited in a number of fields, including the [[visual arts]], [[performing arts]] and [[Nightlife (activity)|nightlife]]. The city's cultural scene spans its history, dating back to Roman times: the city started to be built in that period, which has left its mark on the urban layout (centred on today's Piața Muzeului) as well as surviving ruins. However, the medieval town saw a shift in its centre towards new civil and religious structures, notably [[St. Michael's Church, Cluj-Napoca|St. Michael's Church]].<ref>{{Cite book |last=Băldescu |first=Irina |title=Transilvania Medievale: Le Citta Fondate Di Sibiu, Bistrița, Brașov, Cluj |publisher=Bonsignori |year=2005 |isbn=88-7597-371-7 |language=it}}</ref>
During the 16th century the city became the chief cultural and religious centre of Transylvania;<ref>{{Cite web |year=2006 |title=Entry on Cluj-Napoca in Columbia Encyclopedia, Sixth Edition |url=http://education.yahoo.com/reference/encyclopedia/entry/ClujNapo |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110606100529/http://education.yahoo.com/reference/encyclopedia/entry/ClujNapo |archive-date=6 June 2011 |access-date=2008-05-13 |publisher=Columbia University Press}}</ref> in the 1820s and the first half of the 1830s, Kolozsvár was the most important centre for Hungarian theatre and opera,<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Schneider |first=David E. |date=December 2003 |title=Batori Maria: Opera ket felvonasban (review) |url=http://muse.jhu.edu/login?uri=/journals/notes/v060/60.2schneider.html |url-status=live |journal=Notes |publisher=Music Library Association |volume=60 |issue=2 |page=529 |doi=10.1353/not.2003.0170 |s2cid=191462246 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20081206182955/http://muse.jhu.edu/login?uri=/journals/notes/v060/60.2schneider.html |archive-date=6 December 2008 |access-date=13 May 2008 |quote=In the 1820s and first half of the 1830s, Kolozsvár was the most important centre for Hungarian theatre and opera}}</ref> while at the beginning of the 20th century, still a Hungarian city, it became the chief alternative to the cinematography of Budapest.<ref name="Balogh">{{Cite web |last=Gyöngyi Balogh |title=History of the Hungarian Film, from the beginning until 1945 |url=http://www.filmkultura.iif.hu:8080/2000/articles/essays/balogh.en.html |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20050112200250/http://www.filmkultura.iif.hu/2000/articles/essays/balogh.en.html |archive-date=12 January 2005 |access-date=2008-05-13 |publisher=National Filmarchive of Hungary}}</ref> After its incorporation into the [[Kingdom of Romania]] at the end of World War I, the renamed Cluj saw a resurgence of its Romanian culture, most conspicuous in the completion of the monumental Orthodox cathedral in 1933 across from the (newly nationalised) [[Cluj-Napoca National Theatre|Romanian National Theatre]].<ref name="Brubaker et al-5">Brubaker et al. 2006, pp.100–101</ref> This marked an unambiguously "Romanian" centre, a few blocks to the east of the old Hungarian centre;<ref name="Brubaker et al-5"/> however, the Romanian-ness of the town—like the Romanian hold on Transylvania—was by no means securely established even by the end of the interwar period.<ref name="Brubaker et al-5"/> The late 1960s brought a revival of nationalist discourse, concomitant with the urbanisation and industrialisation of the city that gradually advanced the [[Romanianisation]] of the city.<ref>Brubaker et al. 2006, pp.111–113</ref> Nowadays, the city is home to people of different cultures, with corresponding cultural institutions such as the Hungarian State Theatre, as well as the [[British Council]] and various other centres for the promotion of foreign cultures. These institutions hold eclectic manifestations in honour of their cultures, including [[Bessarabia]]n,<ref>{{Cite web |last=Chiorean |first=Narcisa |date=26 March 2008 |title=Compact, Gândul Mâței și Cătălin Josan cântă la Festivalul "Basarabia" |url=http://www.clujeanul.ro/cultura-timp-liber/compact-gandul-matei-si-catalin-josan-canta-la-festivalul-basarabia-2488740 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080615050709/http://www.clujeanul.ro/cultura-timp-liber/compact-gandul-matei-si-catalin-josan-canta-la-festivalul-basarabia-2488740 |archive-date=15 June 2008 |access-date=2008-05-13 |publisher=Clujeanul |language=ro}}</ref> [[Hungarians|Hungarian]],<ref>{{Cite web |last=Bell |first=Charles |date=22 March 2008 |title=Misguided youth using an ethnic excuse |url=http://www.seventimes.ro/features__analyses/misguided_youth_using_an_ethnic_excuse.html |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080522011930/http://www.seventimes.ro/features__analyses/misguided_youth_using_an_ethnic_excuse.html |archive-date=22 May 2008 |access-date=2008-05-13 |website=Seven Times}}</ref> [[Tunisian people|Tunisian]],<ref>{{Cite web |date=6 March 2007 |title=Manifestări de cultură tunisiană |url=http://www.monitorulcj.ro/cms/site/m_cj/news/manifestari_de_cultura_tunisiana_la_cluj_napoca_11056.html |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090107053240/http://www.monitorulcj.ro/cms/site/m_cj/news/manifestari_de_cultura_tunisiana_la_cluj_napoca_11056.html |archive-date=7 January 2009 |access-date=2008-05-13 |publisher=Monitorul de Cluj |language=ro}}</ref> and Japanese.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Meseșan |first=Luiza |date=17 April 2008 |title=Cultura japoneză a captat atenția clujenilor |url=http://www.ftr.ro/cultura-japoneza-a-captat-atentia-clujenilor-3220.php |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080421175018/http://www.ftr.ro/cultura-japoneza-a-captat-atentia-clujenilor-3220.php |archive-date=21 April 2008 |access-date=2008-05-13 |publisher=Foaia Transilvană |language=ro}}</ref> Nevertheless, contemporary cultural manifestations cross ethnic boundaries, being aimed at students, cinephiles, and arts and science lovers, among others.

===Landmarks===
[[File:Ansamblul monumental Matia Corvin.JPG|thumb|[[Matthias Corvinus Monument|Statue of Matthias Corvinus]] in front of [[St. Michael's Church, Cluj-Napoca|St. Michael's Church]]]]
[[File:Cluj-Napoca Central Park-statue 01.jpg|thumb|Fountain in the [[Cluj-Napoca Central Park|Central Park]]]]
Cluj-Napoca has a number of landmark buildings and monuments. One of those is the [[St. Michael's Church, Cluj-Napoca|Saint Michael's Church]] in [[Unirii Square, Cluj-Napoca|''Unirii'' Square]], built at the end of the 14th century in the [[gothic art|Gothic style]] of that period. It was only in the 19th century that the [[Neo-Gothic]] tower of the church was erected; it remains the tallest church tower in Romania to this day.<ref name="Lukács 2005-2">Lukács 2005</ref>

In front of the church is the [[Matthias Corvinus Monument|equestrian statue of Matthias Corvinus]], erected in honour of the locally born [[Kingdom of Hungary|King of Hungary]]. The [[Romanian Orthodox Church|Orthodox Church]]'s equivalent to St. Michael's Church is the [[Dormition of the Theotokos Cathedral, Cluj-Napoca|Orthodox Cathedral]] on [[Avram Iancu Square, Cluj-Napoca|''Avram Iancu'' Square]], built in the [[interwar]] era. The [[Romanian Church United with Rome, Greek-Catholic|Romanian Greek-Catholic Church]] also has a cathedral in Cluj-Napoca, [[Transfiguration Cathedral, Cluj-Napoca|Transfiguration Cathedral]].{{citation needed|date=August 2016}}

Another landmark of Cluj-Napoca is the [[Palace of Justice, Cluj-Napoca|Palace of Justice]], built between 1898 and 1902, and designed by architect Gyula Wagner in an [[Eclecticism|eclectic]] style.<ref name="Cluj Tribunal">{{Cite web |title=Prezentare instanță |url=http://portal.just.ro/InstantaPrezentare.aspx?idInstitutie=117 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080408092230/http://portal.just.ro/InstantaPrezentare.aspx?idInstitutie=117 |archive-date=8 April 2008 |access-date=2008-03-12 |publisher=Cluj Tribunal |language=ro}}</ref> This building is part of an ensemble erected in Avram Iancu Square that also includes the National Theatre, the Palace of [[Căile Ferate Române]], the Palace of the Prefecture, the Palace of Finance and the Palace of the Orthodox Metropolis. An important eclectic ensemble is [[Iuliu Maniu Street, Cluj-Napoca|Iuliu Maniu Street]], featuring symmetrical buildings on either side, after the urbanistic trend of [[Georges-Eugène Haussmann]].<ref name="Lazarovici et al-5">Lazarovici et al. 1997, p.93 (4.2 Monumente de arhitectură din epoca modernă)</ref> A highlight of the city is the [[Cluj-Napoca Botanical Garden|botanical garden]], situated in the vicinity of the centre. Beside this garden, Cluj-Napoca is also home to some large parks, the most notable being the [[Cluj-Napoca Central Park|Central Park]] with the Chios Casino and a large statuary ensemble. Many of the city's notable figures are buried in Hajongard Cemetery, which covers {{convert|14|ha|acre}}.{{citation needed|date=August 2016}}

As an important cultural centre, Cluj-Napoca has many theatres and museums. The latter include the [[National Museum of Transylvanian History]], the [[Ethnographic Museum of Transylvania|Ethnographic Museum]], the [[Cluj-Napoca Bánffy Palace|Cluj-Napoca Art Museum]], the Pharmacy Museum, the Water Museum and the museums of [[Babeș-Bolyai University]]—the University Museum, the Museum of Mineralogy, the Museum of Paleontology and Stratigraphy, the Museum of Speleology, the Botanical Museum and the Zoological Museum.

===Visual arts===

In terms of [[visual arts]], the city contains a number of galleries featuring both classical and contemporary Romanian art, as well as selected international works.

The [[Bánffy Palace|National Museum of Art]] is located in the former palace of the count György Bánffy, the most representative secular construction built in the [[Baroque]] style in [[Transylvania]].<ref>{{Cite web |title=Palatul Bánffy |url=http://www.cluj4all.com/adrese/istorie,18/obiective-istorice,60/palatul-banffy-sec.-xviii,711/ |url-status=usurped |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20071106061512/http://www.cluj4all.com/adrese/istorie,18/obiective-istorice,60/palatul-banffy-sec.-xviii,711/ |archive-date=2007-11-06 |access-date=2008-03-12 |publisher=Cluj4all.com |language=ro}}</ref><ref>Lukács 2005, pp.83–5</ref><ref>Pascu 1957, p.63</ref> The museum features extensive collections of Romanian art, including works of artists like [[Nicolae Grigorescu]], [[Ștefan Luchian]] and [[Dimitrie Paciurea]], as well as some works of foreign artists like [[Károly Lotz]], [[Luca Giordano]], [[Jean-Hippolyte Flandrin]], [[Herri met de Bles]] and [[Claude Michel]],<ref>{{Cite web |title=Official website of the National Museum of Art |url=http://www.macluj.ro/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080118054156/http://www.macluj.ro/ |archive-date=18 January 2008 |access-date=2008-03-12 |publisher=National Museum of Art |language=ro}}</ref> and was nominated to be European Museum of the Year in 1996.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Muzeul Național de Artă din Cluj-Napoca |url=http://www.cimec.ro/Muzee/Cluj/cluj.htm |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080302155406/http://www.cimec.ro/Muzee/Cluj/Cluj.htm |archive-date=2 March 2008 |access-date=2008-03-12 |publisher=CIMEC (Institutul de Cultură Morală) |language=ro}}</ref>

The most notable of the city's other galleries is the ''Gallery of the Union of Plastic Artists''. Situated in the city centre, this gallery presents collections drawn from the contemporary arts scene. The Gallery of Folk Art includes traditional Romanian interior decoration artworks.

Historically, the city was one of the most important cultural and artistic centres in 16th-century Transylvania. The Renaissance workshop, formed in 1530 and strongly supported by the Transylvanian princes, served local and wider requirements: from the middle of the century onwards, when the [[Ottoman Empire|Ottomans]] had [[Battle of Mohács|conquered]] central Hungary, it extended its activity throughout the new principality. Its style, the "Flower Renaissance", used a variety of plant ornament enriched with coats of arms, figures and inscriptions. It continued to be of great importance into the 18th century, and traces of it are still apparent in 20th-century vernacular art; Klausenburg was central to the long, anachronistic survival of the style, particularly among Hungarians.<ref name="Oxford University Press-2008"/>

===Performing arts===
[[File:Teatrul National din Cluj cu afise.JPG|thumb|[[Lucian Blaga National Theatre]]]]

The city has a number of renowned facilities and institutions involving [[performing arts]]. The most prominent is the [[Baroque Revival architecture|Neo-baroque]] theatre at the [[Avram Iancu Square, Cluj-Napoca|Avram Iancu Square]].<ref name="Clujonline">{{Cite web |title=Teatrul și Opera Națională "Lucian Blaga" |url=http://www.clujonline.com/ro/teatrul_opera_nationala.htm |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080216121606/http://www.clujonline.com/ro/teatrul_opera_nationala.htm |archive-date=16 February 2008 |access-date=2008-03-12 |publisher=Clujonline.com |language=ro}}</ref> Built at the beginning of the 20th century by the [[Vienna|Viennese]] company [[Ferdinand Fellner|Helmer and Fellner]], this structure is inscribed in [[UNESCO]]'s list of specially protected monuments.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Website of the Romanian National Opera in Cluj-Napoca |url=http://www.operacluj.ro/cladirea.html |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080304101358/http://www.operacluj.ro/cladirea.html |archive-date=4 March 2008 |access-date=2008-03-12 |publisher=Romanian National Opera |language=ro}}</ref> Since 1919, shortly after the union of Transylvania with Romania, the building has hosted the [[Lucian Blaga National Theatre]] and the [[Romanian National Opera, Cluj-Napoca|Romanian National Opera]]. The Transylvania Philharmonic, founded in 1955, gives classical music concerts.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Philharmonics current situation |url=http://www.filacluj.ro/now.htm |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080505223253/http://www.filacluj.ro/now.htm |archive-date=5 May 2008 |access-date=2008-03-12 |publisher="Transylvania" State Philharmonic}}</ref> The multiculturalism in the city is once again attested by the [[Cluj-Napoca Hungarian Theatre|Hungarian Theatre and Opera]], home for four professional groups of performers. There is also a number of smaller independent theatres, including the Puck Theatre, where puppet shows are performed.

===Music and nightlife===
Cluj-Napoca is the residence of some well-known Romanian musicians. Examples of homegrown bands include the Romanian alternative rock band [[Kumm (band)|Kumm]], the rock band [[Compact (band)|Compact]],<ref>{{Cite news |title=Compact revine la Cluj-Napoca |url=https://adevarul.ro/locale/cluj-napoca/compact-revine-cluj-napoca-1_50aead977c42d5a6639f0227/index.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190729223905/https://adevarul.ro/locale/cluj-napoca/compact-revine-cluj-napoca-1_50aead977c42d5a6639f0227/index.html |archive-date=29 July 2019 |access-date=2019-07-30 |work=Adevărul}}</ref> the [[rhythm and blues]] band [[Nightlosers]],<ref>{{Cite news |year=2010 |title=Nightlosers colindă de Bobotează în SUA și Canada |url=http://www.adevarul.ro/locale/cluj-napoca/Nightlosers_colinda_de_Boboteaza_in_SUA_si_Canada_0_183582103.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120707022113/http://www.adevarul.ro/locale/cluj-napoca/Nightlosers_colinda_de_Boboteaza_in_SUA_si_Canada_0_183582103.html |archive-date=7 July 2012 |access-date=2010-06-08 |work=Adevărul}}</ref> the [[Alternative rock|alternative]] band [[Luna Amară]],<ref>{{Cite web |title=Biography of "Luna Amară" on the website of their record label |url=http://www.roton.ro/artist/18/luna-amara/index.html |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20071112125255/http://www.roton.ro/artist/18/luna-amara/index.html |archive-date=12 November 2007 |access-date=2008-05-12 |publisher=Roton |language=ro}}</ref> [[Grimus (band)|Grimus]]—the winners of the 2007 National Finals of [[Global Battle of the Bands]],<ref>{{Cite web |year=2007 |title=Finala GBOB – Grimus merge la Londra |url=http://www.jurnalul.ro/articole/105049/finala-gbob-grimus-merge-la-londra |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20071011040121/http://www.jurnalul.ro/articole/105049/finala-gbob-grimus-merge-la-londra |archive-date=11 October 2007 |access-date=2007-10-10 |website=Jurnalul Național}}</ref> the modern pop band [[Sistem]]—which finished third in the [[Eurovision Song Contest 2005]],<ref>{{Cite web |title=Romania: Eurovision Song Contest 2005 |url=http://www.esctoday.com/annual/2005/page/33 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080516050926/http://www.esctoday.com/annual/2005/page/33 |archive-date=16 May 2008 |access-date=2008-05-12 |publisher=ESC Today}}</ref> as well as a large assortment of electronic music producers. [[The Cheeky Girls]] also grew up in the city, where they studied at the High School of Choreography and Dramatic Art.<ref>{{Cite news |date=6 December 2003 |title=The Cheeky Girls: A cheeky night out |url=https://www.independent.co.uk/arts-entertainment/music/features/the-cheeky-girls-a-cheeky-night-out-575381.html |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080424013700/http://www.independent.co.uk/arts-entertainment/music/features/the-cheeky-girls-a-cheeky-night-out-575381.html |archive-date=24 April 2008 |access-date=2008-05-12 |work=The Independent |location=London}}</ref> While many [[discothèque|discos]] play commercial [[house music]], the city has an increasing [[minimal techno]] scene, and, to an extent [[jazz]]/[[blues]] and [[heavy metal music|heavy metal]]/[[punk music|punk]]. The city's nightlife, particularly its [[nightclub|club]] scene, grew significantly in the 1990s, and continues to increase. Most entertainment venues are dispersed throughout the city centre, spreading from the oldest one of all, ''Diesel Club'',<ref name="România liberă-2007">{{Cite web |date=17 November 2007 |title=Top 10 Cluburi din Transilvania și Banat |url=http://www.romanialibera.ro/a111598/top-10-cluburi-din-transilvani-a-si-banat.html |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20071118024409/http://www.romanialibera.ro/a111598/top-10-cluburi-din-transilvani-a-si-banat.html |archive-date=18 November 2007 |access-date=2008-03-12 |publisher=România liberă |language=ro}}</ref> on [[Unirii Square, Cluj-Napoca|Unirii Square]]. The list of large and fancy clubs continues with ''Obsession The Club'' and ''Midi'', the latter being a venue for the new minimal techno music genre. These three clubs are classified as the top three clubs in the Transylvania-Banat region in a chart published by the national daily ''[[România Liberă]]''.<ref name="România liberă-2007"/> Numerous restaurants, pizzerias and coffee shops provide regional as well as international cuisine; many of these offer cultural activities like music and fashion shows or art exhibitions.<ref name="Cluj-Napoca City Hall-2006"/>

The city also includes [[Strada Piezișă]] (''slanted street''), a central nightlife strip located in the Hașdeu student area, where a large number of bars and terraces are situated. Cluj-Napoca is not limited to these international music genres, as there are also a number of [[discothèque|discos]] where local "[[Lăutari]]" play [[manele]], a local strain of [[Music of Turkey|Turkish]]-influenced music.

===Traditional culture===
In spite of the influences of modern culture, traditional Romanian culture continues to influence various domains of art.

[[File:Transylvanian History Museum 1.JPG|right|thumb|The [[National Museum of Transylvanian History]]]]

Cluj-Napoca hosts an [[ethnography|ethnographic]] museum, the Ethnographic Museum of Transylvania, which features a large indoor collection of traditional cultural objects, as well as an open-air park, the oldest of this kind in Romania, dating back to 1929.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Brief History – Ethnographic Museum of Transylvania |url=http://www.muzeul-etnografic.ro/Site/english/istoric.htm |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20071022090552/http://muzeul-etnografic.ro/Site/english/istoric.htm |archive-date=22 October 2007 |access-date=2008-03-12 |publisher=Ethnographic Museum of Transylvania}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Brief History – National Ethnographic Park Romulus Vuia |url=http://www.muzeul-etnografic.ro/Site/english/parculRV-istoric.htm |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20071022090712/http://muzeul-etnografic.ro/Site/english/parculRV-istoric.htm |archive-date=22 October 2007 |access-date=2008-03-12 |publisher=Ethnographic Museum of Transylvania}}</ref>

The [[National Museum of Transylvanian History]] is another important museum in Cluj-Napoca, containing a collection of artefacts detailing Romanian history and culture from prehistoric times, the [[Dacia]]n era, medieval times and the modern era.<ref name="MNIT">{{Cite web |title=Official website of the National Museum of Transylvanian History |url=http://www.museum.utcluj.ro/index.php |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20060826173639/http://www.museum.utcluj.ro/index.php |archive-date=26 August 2006 |access-date=2008-03-12 |publisher=MNIT |language=ro}}</ref> Moreover, the city also preserves a Historic Collection of the Pharmacy, in the building of its first pharmacy (16th century), the [[Cluj-Napoca Hintz House|Hintz House]].<ref name="MNIT"/>

===Cultural events and festivals===
Cluj-Napoca hosts a number of cultural festivals of various types. These occur throughout the year, though are more frequent in the summer months. "Sărbătoarea Muzicii" ([[Fête de la Musique]]) is a music festival taking place yearly on 21 June in a number of Romanian cities, Cluj-Napoca included, organised under the aegis of the French Cultural Centre.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Sebastian Secan |date=18 June 2008 |title=Sărbătoarea muzicii în Gazette și Obsession |url=http://clujeanul.gandul.info/cultura-timp-liber/sarbatoarea-muzicii-in-gazette-si-obsession-2718396 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140504090915/http://clujeanul.gandul.info/cultura-timp-liber/sarbatoarea-muzicii-in-gazette-si-obsession-2718396 |archive-date=4 May 2014 |access-date=2013-02-11 |publisher=Clujeanul |language=ro}}</ref> Additionally, Splaiul Independenței, on the banks of Someșul Mic, hosts a number of beer festivals throughout the summer, among them the "[[Septemberfest]]", modelled after the German [[Oktoberfest]].<ref>{{Cite web |title=Culture and Entertainment |url=http://www.cci.ubbcluj.ro/index.php?pagina=cultural&sidecol=col7 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070709084408/http://www.cci.ubbcluj.ro/index.php?pagina=cultural&sidecol=col7 |archive-date=9 July 2007 |access-date=2008-03-12 |publisher=Babeș Bolyai University – Center for International Cooperation}}</ref> In 2015, the city will be the [[European Youth Capital]], an event with a budget of 5.7 million euros that is projected to boost tourism by about a fifth.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Claudiu Pădurean |date=26 November 2012 |title=Clujul devine Capitală Europeană a Tineretului |url=http://www.romanialibera.ro/actualitate/locale/clujul-devine-capitala-europeana-a-tineretului-285179.html |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://archive.today/20130416132922/http://www.romanialibera.ro/actualitate/locale/clujul-devine-capitala-europeana-a-tineretului-285179.html |archive-date=16 April 2013 |access-date=2012-11-26 |publisher=Romania Liberă |language=ro}}</ref>

The city has seen a number of important music events, including the [[MTV România]] Music Award ceremony which was held at the [[Sala Sporturilor Horia Demian]] in 2006 with the [[Sugababes]], [[Pachanga]] and [[Uniting Nations]] as special international guests.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Trupa britanică Sugababes va cânta pe scena Premiilor Muzicale Românești MTV |url=http://muzica.rol.ro/content/view/2131/2/ |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100821004355/http://muzica.rol.ro/content/view/2131/2/ |archive-date=21 August 2010 |access-date=2008-03-12 |publisher=Romania Online |language=ro}}</ref> In 2007, [[Beyoncé]] also performed in Cluj-Napoca, at the [[Stadionul Ion Moina|Ion Moina Stadium]].<ref>{{Cite web |date=13 September 2007 |title=Beyonce cântă pe 'Ion Moina' |url=http://ziuadecj.realitatea.net/eveniment/beyonce-canta-pe-ion-moina--44275.html |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131102021928/http://ziuadecj.realitatea.net/eveniment/beyonce-canta-pe-ion-moina--44275.html |archive-date=2 November 2013 |access-date=2013-02-14 |publisher=Ziua de Cluj |language=ro}}</ref> In 2010, [[Iron Maiden]] included the city in their [[The Final Frontier World Tour|Final Frontier World Tour]].<ref>{{Cite news |date=16 August 2010 |title=Iron Maiden a cutremurat Ardealul |url=http://adevarul.ro/locale/cluj-napoca/foto-video-iron-maiden-cutremurat-ardealul-vezi-imagini-concert-1_50ae2e097c42d5a6639a6af5/index.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131101212517/http://adevarul.ro/locale/cluj-napoca/foto-video-iron-maiden-cutremurat-ardealul-vezi-imagini-concert-1_50ae2e097c42d5a6639a6af5/index.html |archive-date=1 November 2013 |access-date=2013-02-14 |work=Adevărul |language=ro}}</ref> The [[Cluj Arena]] was inaugurated in 2011 with concerts by [[Scorpions (band)|Scorpions]] and [[Smokie (band)|Smokie]], the main event drawing over 40,000 people;<ref>{{Cite news |last=Monika Krajnik |date=9 October 2011 |title=Trupa Scorpions a inaugurat Cluj Arena |url=http://adevarul.ro/locale/cluj-napoca/trupa-scorpions-inaugurat-cluj-arena-vezi-imagini-timpul-concertului-1_50aec7db7c42d5a663a052d6/index.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131101212416/http://adevarul.ro/locale/cluj-napoca/trupa-scorpions-inaugurat-cluj-arena-vezi-imagini-timpul-concertului-1_50aec7db7c42d5a663a052d6/index.html |archive-date=1 November 2013 |access-date=2013-02-14 |work=Adevărul |language=ro}}</ref> other events followed, for instance [[Roxette]] in 2012<ref>{{Cite news |last=Vasile Măgrădean |date=18 July 2012 |title=Peste 20.000 de spectatori, așteptați la concertul Roxette de pe Cluj Arena |url=http://www.gandul.info/magazin/peste-20-000-de-spectatori-asteptati-la-concertul-roxette-de-pe-cluj-arena-9885601 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120721072148/http://www.gandul.info/magazin/peste-20-000-de-spectatori-asteptati-la-concertul-roxette-de-pe-cluj-arena-9885601 |archive-date=21 July 2012 |access-date=2013-02-14 |work=Gândul |language=ro}}</ref> and [[Deep Purple]] in 2013.<ref>{{Cite news |last=Florina Pop |date=8 June 2013 |title=Deep Purple a făcut show la Cluj |url=http://adevarul.ro/locale/cluj-napoca/foto-video-deep-purple-facut-show-cluj-suntetifantastici-magnifici-iubim-1_51b25871c7b855ff566cbc4a/index.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131101212323/http://adevarul.ro/locale/cluj-napoca/foto-video-deep-purple-facut-show-cluj-suntetifantastici-magnifici-iubim-1_51b25871c7b855ff566cbc4a/index.html |archive-date=1 November 2013 |access-date=2013-10-31 |work=Adevărul |language=ro}}</ref> Smaller events occur regularly at the [[Sala Polivalentă (Cluj-Napoca)|Polyvalent Hall]], the Opera and the Students' House of Culture. Moreover, the local clubs regularly organise events featuring international artists, usually foreign disc jockeys, like [[ATB (DJ)|André Tanneberger]], [[Sasha (DJ)|Sasha]], [[Timo Maas]], [[Tania Vulcano]], [[Satoshi Tomiie]], [[Yves Larock]], [[Dave Seaman]], [[Plump DJs]], [[Stephane K]] or [[Andrew Fletcher (musician)|Andy Fletcher]].

[[File:Electric Castle 2017 - Castle view.jpg|thumb|Electric Castle Festival]]
The [[Transilvania International Film Festival]] (TIFF), held in the city since 2001 and organised by the Association for the Promotion of the Romanian Film, is the first Romanian film festival for international features.<ref>{{Cite web |year=2007 |title=About the festival |url=http://www.tiff.ro/en/aboutfestival |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080210002920/http://www.tiff.ro/en/aboutfestival |archive-date=10 February 2008 |access-date=2008-03-16 |publisher=Transilvania International Film Festival}}</ref> The festival jury awards the Transilvania Trophy for the best film in competition, as well as prizes for best director, best performance and best photography. With the support of [[Home Box Office]], TIFF also organises a national script contest. [[Comedy Cluj]], which debuted in 2009, is the newest annual film festival organised in Cluj-Napoca.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Cristina Pîrvu |date=9 June 2009 |title=Nu știm dacă trăiți bine, nu știm dacă ați ales bine, dar vă promitem că o să râdeți bine! |url=http://www.ziuadecj.ro/action/article?ID=25867 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090822202404/http://www.ziuadecj.ro/action/article?ID=25867 |archive-date=22 August 2009 |access-date=2010-07-11 |publisher=Ziua de Cluj |language=ro}}</ref>

[[Toamna Muzicală Clujeană]], Romania's most important classical music event after the [[George Enescu Festival]], has taken place annually since 1965, and is run by the [[Transylvania State Philharmonic Orchestra]].<ref>{{Cite web |last=Dan Vămanu |date=1 October 2012 |title=Începe Toamna Muzicală Clujeană! |url=http://www.monitorulcj.ro/timp-liber/14942-incepe-toamna-muzicala-clujeana |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140531185241/http://www.monitorulcj.ro/timp-liber/14942-incepe-toamna-muzicala-clujeana |archive-date=31 May 2014 |access-date=2013-02-11 |publisher=Monitorul de Cluj |language=ro}}</ref> A Mozart Festival has taken place annually since 1991.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Virgil Mihaiu |date=20 January 1999 |title=Cluj – Festivalul Mozart! |url=http://www.romlit.ro/cluj_-_festivalul_mozart |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130306014218/http://www.romlit.ro/cluj_-_festivalul_mozart |archive-date=6 March 2013 |access-date=2013-02-11 |publisher=România Literară |language=ro}}</ref> Another annual event, taking place at the Romanian National Opera, is the Opera Ball, established in 1992.<ref>{{Cite web |date=1 February 2012 |title=Ediție aniversară a Balului Operei, cu specific austriac și recital de excepție |url=http://ziuadecj.realitatea.net/life--and--style/editie-aniversara-a-balului-operei-cu-specific-austriac-si-recital-de-exceptie--83216.html |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120309145926/http://ziuadecj.realitatea.net/life--and--style/editie-aniversara-a-balului-operei-cu-specific-austriac-si-recital-de-exceptie--83216.html |archive-date=9 March 2012 |access-date=2013-02-11 |publisher=Ziua de Cluj |language=ro}}</ref> Additionally, in 2012, a Festival of National Operas was introduced, which aside from the hometown troupe, also features opera companies from [[Romanian National Opera, Bucharest|Bucharest]], [[Iași Romanian National Opera|Iași]] and [[Timișoara Romanian National Opera|Timișoara]].<ref>{{Cite web |last=Radu Constantinescu |date=25 May 2012 |title=Operele Naționale se întâlnesc la Cluj |url=http://www.zf.ro/ziarul-de-duminica/operele-nationale-se-intalnesc-la-cluj-de-radu-constantinescu-9666804 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130617090558/http://www.zf.ro/ziarul-de-duminica/operele-nationale-se-intalnesc-la-cluj-de-radu-constantinescu-9666804 |archive-date=17 June 2013 |access-date=2013-02-11 |publisher=Ziua de Cluj |language=ro}}</ref> The Interferences International Theatre Festival, started in 2007, takes place at the Hungarian Theatre.<ref>{{Cite news |date=26 November 2012 |title=Omul zilei – Tompa Gábor |url=http://jurnalul.ro/calendar/omul-zilei-tompa-gabor-629893.html |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121129061054/http://jurnalul.ro/calendar/omul-zilei-tompa-gabor-629893.html |archive-date=29 November 2012 |access-date=2013-02-11 |work=Jurnalul Național |language=ro}}</ref>

Also held in the city is Delahoya, Romania's oldest [[electronic music]] festival, established in 1997.<ref>{{Cite web |date=21 May 2012 |title='Love Parade' de Cluj, Festivalul de Muzică Electronică Delahoya, începe în acest weekend |url=http://adevarul.ro/locale/cluj-napoca/love-parade-cluj-festivalul-muzica-electronica-delahoya-incepe-weekend-1_50aeade17c42d5a6639f05c3/index.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131101212513/http://adevarul.ro/locale/cluj-napoca/love-parade-cluj-festivalul-muzica-electronica-delahoya-incepe-weekend-1_50aeade17c42d5a6639f05c3/index.html |archive-date=1 November 2013 |access-date=2013-02-11 |publisher=Monitorul de Cluj |language=ro}}</ref> [[Electric Castle Festival]], which takes place at [[Bonțida Bánffy Castle|Bánffy Castle]] in nearby [[Bonțida]], had an audience of over 30,000 people for its first edition in 2013 and was nominated by [[European Festivals Awards]] for the Best New Festival and Best Medium Size Festival awards.<ref>{{Cite web |date=15 October 2013 |title=Electric Castle, nominalizat la European Festival Awards |url=http://www.ziardecluj.ro/electric-castle-nominalizat-la-european-festival-awards/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131106033237/http://www.ziardecluj.ro/electric-castle-nominalizat-la-european-festival-awards/ |archive-date=6 November 2013 |access-date=2013-10-30 |publisher=Ziar de Cluj |language=ro}}</ref> By 2016, over 120,000 were in attendance.<ref>{{Cite web |date=19 July 2016 |title=Peste 120.000 de oameni au participat la Electric Castle, în cele patru zile de festival, în pofida ploii și a noroiului |url=http://www.digi24.ro/Stiri/Digi24/Lejer/Arte+si+divertisment/Peste+120+000+de+oameni+au+participat+la+Electric+Castle+in+cele |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160725070324/http://www.digi24.ro/Stiri/Digi24/Lejer/Arte+si+divertisment/Peste+120+000+de+oameni+au+participat+la+Electric+Castle+in+cele |archive-date=25 July 2016 |access-date=2016-08-20 |publisher=Digi24 |language=ro}}</ref> [[Untold Festival]], which began in 2015, is Romania's largest music festival. Held mainly in the [[Cluj Arena]], and also at the [[Polyvalent Hall (Cluj-Napoca)|Polyvalent Hall]], it drew over 300,000 in its second edition.<ref>{{Cite web |date=5 March 2016 |title=Peste 300.000 de participanți, așteptați la Untold Festival de la Cluj, unde vor fi zece scene |url=http://www.mediafax.ro/life-inedit/peste-300-000-de-participanti-asteptati-la-untold-festival-de-la-cluj-unde-vor-fi-zece-scene-13937306 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160821055742/http://www.mediafax.ro/life-inedit/peste-300-000-de-participanti-asteptati-la-untold-festival-de-la-cluj-unde-vor-fi-zece-scene-13937306 |archive-date=21 August 2016 |access-date=2016-08-20 |publisher=Mediafax |language=ro}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=9 August 2016 |title=Peste 300.000 de participanți la Untold 2016 |url=http://ziuadecj.realitatea.net/cultura/peste-300000-de-participanti-la-untold-2016-foto--149698.html |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160821123431/http://ziuadecj.realitatea.net/cultura/peste-300000-de-participanti-la-untold-2016-foto--149698.html |archive-date=21 August 2016 |access-date=2016-08-20 |publisher=Ziua de Cluj |language=ro}}</ref>