Editing July Monarchy (section)

==== The final consolidation of the regime ====
These three laws were simultaneously promulgated on 9 September 1835, and marked the final success of the policy of {{lang|fr|Résistance}} pursued against the Republicans since Casimir Périer. The July Monarchy was thereafter sure of its ground, with discussions concerning its legitimacy being completely outlawed. The Opposition could now only discuss the interpretation of the Charter and advocate an evolution towards parliamentarianism. Demands for the enlargement of the electoral base became more frequent, however, in 1840, leading to the re-appearance of Republican Opposition through the claim to [[universal suffrage]].

The {{lang|fr|Broglie|italic=no}} ministry, however, finally fell on a question concerning the [[public debt]]. The Minister of Finance, {{lang|fr|[[Georges Humann]]|italic=no}}, announced on 14 January 1836 his intention to reduce the interest on government bonds in order to lighten the public debt, a very unpopular measure among the supporters of the regime, since bond interest was a fundamental component of the bourgeoisie's wealth. Therefore, the Council of Ministers immediately disavowed {{lang|fr|Humann|italic=no}}, while the Duke {{lang|fr|de Broglie|italic=no}} explained to the Chamber that his proposal was not supported by the government. However, his tone was judged insulting by the deputies, and one of them, the banker {{lang|fr|[[Alexandre Goüin]]|italic=no}}, immediately proposed a draft law concerning bonds himself. On 5 February 1836, a narrow majority of deputies (194 against 192) decided to continue the examination of the draft, thus disavowing {{lang|fr|Broglie|italic=no}}'s cabinet. The government immediately resigned: for the first time, a cabinet had fallen after having been put in a minority before the Chamber of Deputies, a sure victory of parliamentarianism.