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Mirror test
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==== Fish ==== *The Tanganyikan cichlid, or daffodil cichlid (''[[Neolamprologus pulcher]]''), is another fish that has failed the mirror test, according to a study done in 2017. Although not [[cleaner fish]] like the [[cleaner wrasses]], these fish are typically regarded as socially intelligent and can recognize conspecifics in their social groups. Therefore, they would theoretically make good candidates for the mirror test, but they ended up failing. Similar to the cleaner wrasse, the Tanganyikan cichlid first exhibited signs of aggression towards the mirrored image. After a colored mark was injected, the researchers found no increased scraping or trying to remove the mark, and the cichlids did not observe the side with the mark any longer than it would have otherwise. This demonstrates a lack of contingency checking and means that the Tanganyikan cichlid did not pass the mirror test.<ref name="Hotta">{{cite journal |vauthors=Hotta T, Komiyama S, Kohda M | year=2018 | journal = Animal Cognition | volume= 21 | issue = 1 | pages = 127β136 | title = A social cichlid fish failed to pass the mark test | doi = 10.1007/s10071-017-1146-y | pmid = 29150813| s2cid=3950089 }}</ref>
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