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Orthogonal frequency-division multiplexing
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===ADSL=== OFDM is used in [[asymmetric digital subscriber line|ADSL]] connections that follow the [[ANSI T1.413 Issue 2|ANSI T1.413]] and [[G.dmt]] (ITU G.992.1) standards, where it is called ''discrete multitone modulation'' (DMT).<ref>{{cite web |publisher=ANSI T1E1 4, pp. 91-157 |date=1991 |title=A Multicarrier Primer| url=http://web.mit.edu/~6.962/www/www_fall_2000/cksestok/paper2.pdf}}</ref> DSL achieves high-speed data connections on existing copper wires. OFDM is also used in the successor standards [[ADSL2]], [[ADSL2+]], [[VDSL]], [[VDSL2]], and [[G.fast]]. ADSL2 uses variable subcarrier modulation, ranging from BPSK to 32768QAM (in ADSL terminology this is referred to as bit-loading, or bit per tone, 1 to 15 bits per subcarrier). Long copper wires suffer from attenuation at high frequencies. The fact that OFDM can cope with this frequency selective attenuation and with narrow-band interference are the main reasons it is frequently used in applications such as ADSL [[modem]]s.
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