Editing Problem of evil (section)

=====Heaven=====
In what Russell describes as a "blistering attack by [[Wesley Wildman]]" on Southgate's theodicy, Wildman asserts that "if God really is to create a heavenly world of 'growth and change and relationality, yet no suffering', that world and not this world would be the best of all possible worlds, and a God that would not do so would be 'flagrantly morally inconsistent'."<ref name="W. Wildman">{{cite journal |last1=Wildman |first1=William J. |title=Incongruous Goodness, Perilous Beauty, Disconcerting Truth: Ultimate Reality and Suffering in Nature |journal=Physics and Cosmology: Scientific Perspectives on the Problem of Natural Evil|editor1-last=Murphy|editor1-first=Nancey C.|editor2-last=Russell|editor2-first=Robert J.|date=2007 |pages=267–294}}</ref>{{rp|290}}<ref name="Robert John Russell"/>{{rp|724}}

Southgate has responded with what he calls an extension of the original argument: "that this evolutionary environment, full as it is of both competition and decay, is the only type of creation that can give rise to creaturely selves".<ref name="Christopher Southgate"/>{{rp|90}} That means "our guess must be that though heaven can eternally preserve those selves subsisting in suffering-free relationship, it could not give rise to them in the first place".<ref name="Robert John Russell"/>{{rp|720}}<ref name="Christopher Southgate"/>{{rp|90}}