Editing Semantic memory (section)

==== Brain lesions ====
A [[Brain damage|brain lesion]] refers to any abnormal tissue in or on the brain, most often caused by a trauma or infection. In one case study, a patient underwent surgery to remove an aneurysm, and the surgeon had to clip the anterior communicating artery which resulted in basal forebrain and fornix lesions. Before surgery, this patient was completely independent and had no semantic memory issues. However, after the operation and the lesions developed, the patient reported difficulty with naming and identifying objects, recognition tasks, and comprehension. The patient had a much more significant amount of trouble with objects in the living category which could be seen in the drawings of animals which the patient was asked to do and in the data from the matching and identification tasks. Every lesion is different, but in this case study researchers suggested that the semantic deficits presented themselves as a result of disconnection of the temporal lobe. The findings led to the conclusion that any type of lesion in the temporal lobe, depending on severity and location, has the potential to cause semantic deficits.<ref>{{Cite journal|last=Solca, Di Pietro, Schnider, Leemann|date=December 2013|title=Impairment of Semantic Memory After Basal Forebrain and Fornix Lesion|journal=Neurocase|volume=21|issue=2|pages=198–205|doi=10.1080/13554794.2014.883270|pmid=24498851|s2cid=45152263}}</ref>