Editing Active site (section)

===Application of enzyme inhibitors===
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!  !! Example !! Mechanism of action
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| '''Anti-bacterial agent''' || [[Penicillin]] || The bacterial [[cell wall]] is composed of [[peptidoglycan]]. During bacterial growth the present crosslinking of peptidoglycan fibre is broken, so new cell wall monomer can be integrated into the cell wall. Penicillin works by inhibiting the [[DD-Transpeptidase|transpeptidase]] which is essential for the formation of crosslinks, so the cell wall is weakened and will burst open due to [[turgor pressure]].
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| '''Anti-fungi agent''' || [[Azole]] || [[Ergosterol]] is a [[sterol]] that forms the cell surface membrane of the [[fungi]]. Azole can inhibit its biosynthesis by inhibiting the [[Lanosterol 14 alpha-demethylase]], so no new ergosterol is produced and harmful 14α-lanosterol is accumulated within the cell. Also, azole may generate [[reactive oxygen species]].
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| '''Anti-viral agent''' || [[Saquinavir]]|| HIV protease is needed to cleave Gag-Pol polyprotein into 3 individual proteins so they can function properly and start viral packaging process. HIV protease inhibitors like Saquinavir inhibit it so no new mature viral particle can be made.
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| '''Insecticides''' || [[Physostigmine]] || In the animal [[nervous system]], [[Acetylcholinesterase]] is required to break down the neurotransmitter [[acetylcholine]] into [[acetate]] and [[choline]]. [[Physostigmine]] binds to its active site and inhibits it, so impulse signal cannot be transmitted through nerves. This results in the death of insects as they lose control of muscle and heart function.
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| '''Herbicides''' || [[Cyclohexanedione]] || Cyclohexanedione targets the [[Acetyl-CoA carboxylase]] which is involved in the first step of fat synthesis: ATP-dependent [[carboxylation]] of [[acetyl-CoA]] to [[malonyl-CoA]]. Lipids are important in making up the cell membrane.
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