Editing Bracket (section)

===Uses of { }<span class="anchor" id="Uses of curly brackets"></span>===
[[File:Curly Bracket Notation.png|thumb|upright=0.5|left|An example of curly brackets used to group sentences together]]
Curly brackets are used by text editors to mark editorial insertions<ref>{{cite book |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=ypA27dtL0-oC&pg=PA6 |page=6 |title=Medieval Hebrew Poetry in Muslim Egypt: The Secular Poetry of the Karaite Poet Moses Ben Abraham Dar'i |series=Karaite Texts and Studies |volume=3 |editor1-first=Joachim J.M.S. |editor1-last=Yeshaya |publisher=Brill |year=2010 |isbn=9789004191303}}</ref> or interpolations.<ref>{{cite book |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=9yG9ZB0waQsC&pg=PA1053 |page=1053 |title=Textual Evidence and Commentary |volume=5 |series=The Collected Poetry of Robinson Jeffers |editor1-first=Tim |editor1-last=Hunt |publisher=Stanford University Press |year=1988 |isbn=9780804738170}}</ref>

Braces used to be used to connect multiple lines of poetry, such as triplets in a poem of rhyming [[couplet]]s,<ref>{{cite book |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=0eRtOqjNMxEC&pg=PA122 |page=122 |title=The Poetry Handbook |first=John |last=Lennard |edition=2 |publisher=Oxford University Press |location=Oxford |year=2006 |isbn=9780191532733}}</ref> although this usage had gone out of fashion by the 19th century.{{sfn|Robertson|1785|p=143}}{{sfn|Wilson|1850|p=165}}

Another older use in prose was to eliminate duplication in lists and tables.{{sfn|Wilson|1850|p=165}}
Two examples here from [[Charles Hutton]]'s 19th century table of weights and measures in his ''A Course of Mathematics'':
<blockquote style="border:1px solid; padding:0.5em;">
{| cellpadding=0; cellspacing=0;
|+ In this kingdom{{sfn|Hutton|1836|p=18}}
|-
| rowspan="5" | The standard of ... || rowspan="5" style="vertical-align:middle" | <div style="display:inline-block;line-height:1.25em;">
<span style="display:block">⎧</span>
<span style="display:block">⎪</span>
<span style="display:block">⎨</span>
<span style="display:block">⎪</span>
<span style="display:block">⎩</span>
</div>
|| Length is a Yard.
|-
| Surface is a Square Yard, the {{frac|1|4840}} of an Acre.
|-
| ⎰ Solidity is a Cubic Yard.
|-
| ⎱ Capacity is a Gallon.
|-
| Weight is a Pound.
|}
</blockquote>
<blockquote style="border:1px solid; padding:0.5em;">
{| cellpadding=0; cellspacing=0;
|+ Imperial measure of CAPACITY for coals, culm, lime, fish, potatoes, fruit,&ndash; and other goods commonly sold by ''heaped measure'':{{sfn|Hutton|1836|p=20}}
|-
| 2 Gallons || = 1 Peck || = 764 || ⎱
| rowspan = "2" | Cubic Inches, nearly
|-
| 8 Gallons || = 1 Bushel || = {{frac|2813|1|2}} || ⎰
|-
| 3 Bushels || = 1 Sack || = {{frac|4|8|9}} || ⎱
| rowspan = "2" | Cubic Feet, nearly
|-
| 12 Sacks || = 1 Chald. || = {{frac|58|2|3}} || ⎰
|}
</blockquote>

As an extension to the [[International Phonetic Alphabet]] (IPA), [[International Phonetic Alphabet#Brackets and transcription delimiters|braces are used for prosodic notation]].

====Music====
In music, they are known as "[[Accolade (notation)|accolades]]" or "[[Brace (music)|braces]]", and connect two or more lines (staves) of music that are played simultaneously.<ref>{{cite web |url= http://www.decodeunicode.org/u%2B007B |title=U+007B LEFT CURLY BRACKET |website=DecodeUnicode.org |access-date=3 May 2009 |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20081202121802/http://www.decodeunicode.org/u%2B007B |archive-date=2 December 2008}}</ref>

==== Chemistry ====
The use of braces in chemistry is an old notation that has long since been superseded by subscripted numbers.{{sfn|Watts|1877|pp=140&ndash;141}}
The chemical formula for water, H<sub>2</sub>O, was represented as <math>\left . {{H}\atop{H}} \right \} O</math>.{{sfn|Watts|1877|pp=140&ndash;141}}

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====Curly brackets in programming languages====
{{See also|Bracing style}}
In many programming languages, curly brackets enclose groups of [[Statement (programming)|statement]]s and create a local [[Scope (computer science)|scope]]. Such languages ([[C (programming language)|C]], C#, C++ and many others) are therefore called [[curly bracket language]]s.<ref>{{cite web|url= http://www.riedquat.de/prog/style |title=Brace and Indent Styles and Code Convention |work=Programming with Style |via=Riedquat.de |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20150924070732/http://www.riedquat.de/prog/style |archive-date=24 September 2015}}</ref> They are also used to define structures and [[enumerated type]] in these languages.

In various [[Unix shell]]s, they enclose a group of strings that are used in a process known as ''brace expansion'', where each successive string in the group is interpolated at that point in the command line to generate the command-line's final form.{{sfn|Newham|Rosenblatt|1998|p=14}}
The mechanism originated in the [[C shell]] and the string generation mechanism is a simple interpolation that can occur anywhere in a command line and takes no account of existing filenames.{{sfn|Sobell|Seebach|2005|p=323}}

In [[syntax diagram]]s they are used for repetition, such as in [[extended Backus–Naur form]].

In the [[Z notation|Z]] [[formal specification]] language, braces define a set.

====Curly brackets in mathematics====
{{main|Glossary of mathematical symbols#Braces}}
In [[mathematics]] they delimit [[Set (mathematics)|set]]s, in what is called ''set notation''.{{sfn|Biggs|2002}}
Braces enclose either a literal list of set elements, or a rule that defines the set elements.{{sfn|Biggs|2002}}
For example:
*{{math|1=S = <nowiki>{</nowiki>{{mvar|a}}, {{mvar|b}}<nowiki>}</nowiki>}} defines a set {{mvar|S}} containing {{mvar|a}} and {{mvar|b}}.{{sfn|Biggs|2002}}
*{{math|1=S = <nowiki>{</nowiki>{{mvar|x}} <nowiki>|</nowiki> {{mvar|x}} &gt; 0<nowiki>}</nowiki>}} defines a set {{mvar|S}} containing elements (implied to be numbers) {{math|{{mvar|x}}<sub>0</sub>}}, {{math|{{mvar|x}}<sub>1</sub>}}, and so on where every {{math|{{mvar|x}}<sub>{{mvar|n}}</sub>}} satisfies the rule that it is greater than zero.{{sfn|Biggs|2002}}

They are often also used to denote the [[Poisson bracket]] between two quantities.

In [[ring theory]], braces denote the [[anticommutator]] where {{math|<nowiki>{</nowiki>{{mvar|a}}, {{mvar|b}}<nowiki>}</nowiki>}} is defined as {{math|{{mvar|a}} {{mvar|b}} + {{mvar|b}} {{mvar|a}} }}.

{{Wiktionary pipe|curly bracket||brace||Unsupported&nbsp;titles/Curly brackets|<nowiki>{&nbsp;}</nowiki>|Unsupported&nbsp;titles/Right curly bracket|<nowiki>{</nowiki>|Unsupported&nbsp;titles/Left curly bracket|<nowiki>}</nowiki>|squiggly||accolade|}}
{{clear}}