Editing Cluster headache (section)

== Research directions ==
Some case reports suggest that ingesting lysergamides such as [[LSD]], tryptamines such as [[psilocybin]] (as found in hallucinogenic mushrooms), or [[N,N-Dimethyltryptamine|DMT]] can abort attacks and interrupt cluster headache cycles.<ref name=Sun2011>{{cite journal |doi=10.1111/j.1526-4610.2011.01846.x |pmid=21352222 |title=Alternative Headache Treatments: Nutraceuticals, Behavioral and Physical Treatments |journal=Headache |volume=51 |issue=3 |pages=469–83 |year=2011 |last1=Sun-Edelstein |first1=Christina |last2=Mauskop |first2=Alexander |doi-access=free }}</ref><ref name=Vollenweider2010>{{cite journal |doi=10.1038/nrn2884 |pmid=20717121 |title=The neurobiology of psychedelic drugs: Implications for the treatment of mood disorders |journal=Nature Reviews Neuroscience |volume=11 |issue=9 |pages=642–51 |year=2010 |last1=Vollenweider |first1=Franz X. |last2=Kometer |first2=Michael |s2cid=16588263 }}</ref> The hallucinogen DMT has a chemical structure that is similar to the triptan sumatriptan, indicating a possible shared mechanism in preventing or stopping migraine and TACs.<ref name=":1" /> In a 2006 survey of 53 individuals, 18 of 19 psilocybin users reported extended remission periods. The survey was not a blinded or a controlled study, and was "limited by recall and selection bias".<ref name=Sun2011/> The safety and efficacy of psilocybin is currently being studied in cluster headache, with the extension phase of one randomized controlled trial demonstrating reduced cluster attack burden after a 3-dose pulse of psilocybin.<ref>{{Cite journal|last1=Brandt|first1=Roemer B.|last2=Doesborg|first2=Patty G. G.|last3=Haan|first3=Joost|last4=Ferrari|first4=Michel D.|last5=Fronczek|first5=Rolf|date=2020-02-01|title=Pharmacotherapy for Cluster Headache|journal=CNS Drugs|language=en|volume=34|issue=2|pages=171–184|doi=10.1007/s40263-019-00696-2|pmid=31997136|pmc=7018790|issn=1179-1934|doi-access=free}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT02981173|title=Psilocybin for the Treatment of Cluster Headache - Full Text View - ClinicalTrials.gov|website=clinicaltrials.gov|language=en|access-date=2020-02-15|archive-date=27 May 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200527221712/https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT02981173|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{Cite journal |last1=Schindler |first1=Emmanuelle A.D. |last2=Sewell |first2=R. Andrew |last3=Gottschalk |first3=Christopher H. |last4=Flynn |first4=L. Taylor |last5=Zhu |first5=Yutong |last6=Pittman |first6=Brian P. |last7=Cozzi |first7=Nicholas V. |last8=D'Souza |first8=Deepak C. |date=May 2024 |title=Psilocybin pulse regimen reduces cluster headache attack frequency in the blinded extension phase of a randomized controlled trial |url=https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jns.2024.122993 |journal=Journal of the Neurological Sciences |volume=460 |pages=122993 |doi=10.1016/j.jns.2024.122993 |pmid=38581739 |issn=0022-510X|url-access=subscription }}</ref> In Canada, a first cluster headache patient gained access to psychedelic-assisted therapy via Canada’s special access scheme for psilocybin.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Busby |first=Mattha |date=2024-06-27 |title=Cluster Headache Patient Wins Federal Court Case to Access Mushrooms |url=https://doubleblindmag.com/cluster-headaches-mushrooms/ |access-date=2025-03-12 |website=DoubleBlind Mag |language=en-US}}</ref> 

[[Fremanezumab]], a humanized [[monoclonal antibody]] directed against [[calcitonin gene-related peptide]]s alpha and beta, was in phase 3 clinical trials for cluster headaches, but the studies were stopped early due to a futility analysis demonstrating that a successful outcome was unlikely.<ref>{{cite journal |url=https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT02964338 |title=A Study Comparing the Efficacy and Safety of TEV-48125 (Fremanezumab) for the Prevention of Chronic Cluster Headache (CCH) |website=ClinicalTrials.gov |date=28 January 2021 |access-date=30 November 2017 |archive-date=3 May 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200503040323/https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT02964338 |url-status=live }}</ref><ref>{{cite journal |url=https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT02945046 |title=A Study to Evaluate the Efficacy and Safety of TEV-48125 (Fremanezumab) for the Prevention of Episodic Cluster Headache (ECH) |website=ClinicalTrials.gov |date=2 July 2020 |access-date=30 November 2017 |archive-date=1 May 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200501103107/https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT02945046 |url-status=live }}</ref>