Editing Cooling tower (section)

==Salt emission pollution==
When wet cooling towers with seawater make-up are installed in various industries located in or near coastal areas, the drift of fine droplets emitted from the cooling towers contain nearly 6% sodium chloride which deposits on the nearby land areas. This deposition of sodium salts on the nearby agriculture and vegetative lands can convert them into [[Soil salinity control|sodic saline]] or [[Alkali soils|sodic alkaline soils]] depending on the nature of the soil and enhance the [[Sodium adsorption ratio|sodicity]] of ground and surface water. The salt deposition problem from such cooling towers aggravates where pollution control standards are not imposed or not implemented to minimize the drift emissions from wet cooling towers using seawater make-up.<ref name="wet cooling">[http://www.ec.gc.ca/inrp-npri/default.asp?lang=En&n=2ED8CFA7-1 Wet Cooling Tower Guidance For Particulate Matter, Environment Canada] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150403110105/http://www.ec.gc.ca/inrp-npri/default.asp?lang=En&n=2ED8CFA7-1 |date=3 April 2015 }}, Retrieved on 2013-01-29</ref>

[[Respirable suspended particle|Respirable suspended particulate matter]], of less than 10 [[micrometre|micrometers]] (μm) in size, can be present in the drift from cooling towers. Larger particles above 10&nbsp;μm in size are generally filtered out in the nose and throat via cilia and mucus but particulate matter smaller than 10&nbsp;μm, referred to as PM<sub>10</sub>, can settle in the bronchi and lungs and cause health problems. Similarly, particles smaller than 2.5&nbsp;μm, (PM<sub>2.5</sub>), tend to penetrate into the gas exchange regions of the lung, and very small particles (less than 100 nanometers) may pass through the lungs to affect other organs. Though the total particulate emissions from wet cooling towers with fresh water make-up is much less, they contain more PM<sub>10</sub> and PM<sub>2.5</sub> than the total emissions from wet cooling towers with sea water make-up. This is due to lesser salt content in fresh water drift (below 2,000&nbsp;ppm) compared to the salt content of sea water drift (60,000&nbsp;ppm).<ref name="wet cooling" />