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Faster-than-light
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==Tachyons== {{Main|Tachyon}} In special relativity, it is impossible to accelerate an object {{em|to}} the speed of light, or for a massive object to move {{em|at}} the speed of light. However, it might be possible for an object to exist which {{em|always}} moves faster than light. The hypothetical [[elementary particle]]s with this property are called tachyons or tachyonic particles. Attempts [[tachyonic field|to quantize them]] failed to produce faster-than-light particles, and instead illustrated that their presence leads to an instability.<ref name="Randall">Randall, Lisa; ''Warped Passages: Unraveling the Mysteries of the Universe's Hidden Dimensions'', p. 286: "People initially thought of tachyons as particles travelling faster than the speed of light...But we now know that a tachyon indicates an instability in a theory that contains it. Regrettably for [[science fiction fandom|science fiction fans]], tachyons are not real physical particles that appear in nature."</ref><ref>{{Cite journal |last1=Gates |first1=S.James |author-link=S. James Gates |last2=Nishino |first2=Hitoshi |date=October 2000 |title=Will the real 4D, N=1 SG limit of superstring/M-theory please stand up? |url=https://archive.org/details/arxiv-hep-th0008206 |journal=Physics Letters B |language=en |volume=492 |issue=1–2 |pages=178–186 |arxiv=hep-th/0008206 |doi=10.1016/S0370-2693(00)01073-X |doi-access=free|bibcode=2000PhLB..492..178G }}</ref> Various theorists have suggested that the [[neutrino]] might have a tachyonic nature,<ref>{{cite journal |last1=Chodos |first1=A. |last2=Hauser |first2=A. I. |last3=Alan Kostelecký |first3=V. |title=The neutrino as a tachyon |journal=Physics Letters B |date=1985 |volume=150 |issue=6 |pages=431–435 |doi=10.1016/0370-2693(85)90460-5|bibcode=1985PhLB..150..431C|hdl=2022/20737 |hdl-access=free }}</ref><ref>{{Cite journal |last1=Chodos |first1=Alan |last2=Alan Kostelecký |first2=V. |last3=IUHET 280 |year=1994 |title=Nuclear null tests for spacelike neutrinos |journal=Physics Letters B |language=en |volume=336 |issue=3–4 |pages=295–302 |arxiv=hep-ph/9409404 |bibcode=1994PhLB..336..295C |doi=10.1016/0370-2693(94)90535-5 |s2cid=16496246}}</ref><ref>{{cite journal |last1=Chodos |first1=A. |last2=Kostelecký |first2=V. A. |last3=Potting |first3=R. |last4=Gates |first4=Evalyn |title=Null experiments for neutrino masses |journal=[[Modern Physics Letters A]] |date=1992 |volume=7 |issue=6 |pages=467–476 |doi=10.1142/S0217732392000422|bibcode=1992MPLA....7..467C}}</ref><ref>{{cite journal |last1=Chang |first1=Tsao |title=Parity Violation and Neutrino Mass |journal=Nuclear Science and Techniques |arxiv=hep-ph/0208239 |date=2002 |volume=13 |pages=129–133|bibcode=2002hep.ph....8239C}}</ref> while others have disputed the possibility.<ref>{{cite journal |last1=Hughes |first1=R. J. |last2=Stephenson |first2=G. J. |title=Against tachyonic neutrinos |journal=Physics Letters B |date=1990 |volume=244 |issue=1 |pages=95–100 |doi=10.1016/0370-2693(90)90275-B|bibcode=1990PhLB..244...95H|url=https://zenodo.org/record/1258487 }}</ref>
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